Alexander
Good afternoon Please tell us, for what purpose, when constructing a log house from timber, is the timber chamfered? What bevel size is recommended for 100 x 150 mm timber? Is it necessary to chamfer from all 4 ribs or is it enough from 2? If it is enough to chamfer from 2 ribs, then please describe which side (outer or inner, upper or lower) of the beam?
Answer to the question
Correctly made chamfer
Chamfer on wooden beam they are removed for two reasons: firstly, so that water does not flow into the cracks between the beams, and secondly, to make it more convenient to caulk the cracks in the wall. I think that you yourself should understand where to chamfer. WITH outside The chamfer should be removed only from the upper edge, because if you remove the chamfer from the lower one, then water will flow into the inter-crown insulation even more. And it will rot pretty quickly. WITH inside You can chamfer from one, only the top, or from two edges. It is more convenient for you and depends on the type of insulation used. The size of the bevel is not standardized, it primarily depends on the caulking tools used. The illustration shows correct chamfering. If you are additionally going to cover some kind of timber external finishing, then you don’t have to make chamfers at all. But the choice, as always, is yours.
Before construction wooden house builders prepare lumber by trimming. During the process of sharpening the master with the help electric planer Carefully remove the top layer of wood from one or different sides of the beam. According to the technology for constructing log houses, chamfering is carried out - the corners of the timber. Many developers wonder why this needs to be done?
Reasons for removing corners
Bevels are removed from logs for the following reasons:
- Ensuring the protection of crevices formed during the installation of building elements from water penetration.
- The cleaned material allows you to conveniently and thoroughly caulk cracks.
- The appearance of the building becomes more attractive.
Features of the procedure
The cut is made from the top corner of the facade. If you cut from the bottom edge, this will cause moisture to get into the insulation between the lumber, which will subsequently begin to rot.
On the inside of the structure, the cut is made from both the upper and lower corners. The specifics of the procedure depend on the type of insulation material chosen. The dimensions of the cuts do not have standards, but depend on the tool used - a caulking machine.
If the beam is planned to be covered with insulation and finishing, then cuts may not be made.
To build a durable and beautiful country house, it is recommended to turn to professionals. Our company is engaged in the construction wooden houses, chamfer cutting on timber and others construction work. Masters help save personal time and effort for our clients. Contact us by leaving a request on the website or calling back at the specified phone number.
You can chamfer the board different ways. The most common of them are two: using manual and automatic tools. Negative side applications hand tools(various planes) is considered to have a high degree of injury risk, as well as a catastrophically low pace of work. Of course, automatic and semi-automatic milling cutters are ideal for these purposes.
On the website http://www.zaoportal.ru/product/view/111 you can purchase a professional chamfering machine. The main reason why home craftsmen avoid purchasing such equipment is the apparent difficulty of operation. In fact, setting up and using it for its intended purpose does not cause any difficulties even for a novice user.
Initially, it is important to choose suitable type cutters. There are several types of chamfers. Choose the one that suits your specific task. The suitable cutter is not always included in the set with the router.
But acquiring it will not be difficult. Milling cutters of this kind are freely available in tool stores and cost pennies.
Preparing the milling cutter for work is as follows:
- a hose from a vacuum cleaner is placed in the waste removal socket;
- the cutter position is adjusted;
- the router is fixed in a given position;
- horizontal guides are installed.
The addition of a vacuum cleaner makes working much easier. When processing wood, there is virtually no waste left.
Initially, the cutter height adjustment head must be turned until it clicks. The depth regulator is pulled down 3 mm. Then it lowers onto the head. Thus, we obtain the “zero” position of the cutter.
Now, by rotating the height adjustment head, you can quickly and without much difficulty change the position of the cutter by 5, 10 mm.
The router guides should also be adjusted for correct chamfering. This is achieved quite simply - it is only important to tighten the nuts on the guides until the router slides along the surface being processed, as if on rails.
This is the reality show Stroika - where they don’t pretend to be TV stars, but build houses. Here, in the village of Udachny, an amazing experiment has been going on for more than a year - using the example ordinary people, we show what to build own house can be done quickly and inexpensively. Our heroes share their experience with TV viewers and participate in a competition where 500,000 rubles are at stake.
Our heroes build houses for themselves on their own plots and for their own money, simultaneously talking about all the vicissitudes of construction.. The main prize - 500,000 rubles will go to the one who collects greatest number votes. Filming of the project takes place in “Udachny”, an amazing village, which, thanks to the activity of residents, short term has turned from an empty field into the most dynamically developing low-rise project.
This season we have 9 participants, it so happened that they all did not start at the same time, one of those who was a little late with the start of construction was Ekaterina Pyanova. Ekaterina’s husband is a military man and is constantly on business trips, so our participant had to start construction herself.
There will be no house large sizes. The Pyanovs chose timber as materials for construction.
This is the house under construction for Vladimir and Ekaterina Pyanov, and today we will see how the crowns are laid out in stages, how the logs are impregnated with a special antiseptic, how they are polished and how, in fact, they are laid out in the walls.
The construction of a wall made of timber consists of only a few operations.
Firstly, before laying out the log, it needs to be well prepared.
Oleg Klimov: Sanding logs consists of two stages: first, everything is sanded with a plane, and then with a sanding machine.
Foreman:Yes. First, each timber is planed to the ideal size because they come to us in different sizes.
Oleg Klimov: Are you saying that you level the dimensions with a plane?
Foreman: Yes, with a plane at a degree, as expected. Then they sand it, and then open the chamfers with a plane again and sand it again, and the timber will be ready.
The logs become absolutely smooth after processing with a plane. But sanding is still necessary. The fact is that the abrasive layer grinding machine opens the pores of the wood and antiseptic, varnish or other protective composition penetrates there more easily.
But the matter is not limited to grinding; the sharp edges of the corners of each log are cut off. Builders call it chamfering.
This is how beauty turns out, but the chamfer has not only a decorative function; it also has useful application, Yuri, what? What is a chamfer for, besides the fact that it is beautiful?
Foreman: In addition to the fact that it looks beautiful, then the chamfer on the outside opens up. It won’t be at the bottom - it’s at a right angle, but at the top so that the water drains.
Oleg Klimov: That is, so that water flows down this crack, and does not flow into the inter-crown insulation - this is precisely why a chamfer is needed, so that the water flowing down the wall does not enter here and saturate the tow with moisture.
The timber is ready and can now be mounted into the wall. At first glance, there is nothing complicated in this operation.
Foreman: We are now laying the fourth crown; before laying the beam, we lay the inter-crown insulation, install the beam, and level it.
Oleg Klimov: Naturally, all this is checked with a level, both horizontal and vertical planes. But during installation, when you have carefully measured everything and carefully placed it, when will it all be drilled, when will it all be clogged, will these settings be lost?
Foreman: When we start drilling, we check it with a level again, and then, if necessary, the two of us will level it and hold it, while the third one will hammer in the dowels.
Oleg Klimov: Some are temporarily held in place by nails and then pulled out.
Foreman: It’s different for everyone, we don’t use nails, so it works well. We don’t use any nails or screws, we put them on the crowns.
Oleg Klimov: Now, as I understand it, we are measuring the place where we will drill for the dowels. Tell me, at what distance from each other should the holes be?
Foreman: If the beam is long, then the step will be from 60 to 80 centimeters. Now we have a short beam - there is a distance of 80. The dowels are nailed. Celebrating in checkerboard pattern so as not to fall on the dowel next time.
Oleg Klimov: That is, there will be a mark outside, and when we place the next row of logs, we will use this mark to determine where our dowel is hammered. And we won’t drill in this place anymore.
Foreman: The dowels are still punched in a checkerboard pattern so that there is reinforcement.
The holes for the wooden dowels must be absolutely perpendicular to the beam, for this you need steady hand and a very powerful, professional drill. An ordinary household drill will burn out after 5 minutes. 
It turns out to be an even hole, the dowel sits here and the log is already absolutely rigidly sitting in its row. All other rows are made using the same principle.
Oleg Klimov:Yuri, here we can see that the house was built without any cuts, neither cut into half a log, nor cut into a warm corner, here the beams are simply laid out in a checkerboard pattern. Why is this so, is it good or bad?
Foreman: I think it's good. Inter-crown insulation is laid wherever there are joints.
Actually, the builders are being a little disingenuous: the horizontal layer of insulation is pressed by the top rows of logs, but the vertical seam, which is in the corner, is not pressed by anything, so cold air passes through it freely. Here this problem cannot be solved in any way, although, indeed, dozens of ways have been invented to connect logs into a warm corner and interrupt this through vertical gap. In addition, various cuts, for example, the same dovetail, bind logs well in a crown. Our team is also going to do something about this issue.
Foreman:We also have a technology where, where there are door and window openings, there will be a small cut, under the block and the block is inserted here, it is not nailed, but simply inserted so that the crowns do not move.
Oleg Klimov:And then how do you make a joint with this block?
Foreman:A 40 by 40 block is cut and the block is inserted. Before doors and windows are inserted, the lintel crowns are immediately cut, then the blocks are inserted, then the doors and windows are immediately inserted.
Oleg Klimov: Is it thick enough to not freeze in winter?
Foreman: I think that's enough - this is not exactly a winter house.
Oleg Klimov: This is for the off-season - in summer, autumn, spring it is possible, but in severe frosts in such a house, of course, it will be a little cold.
Having dealt with the walls, let's see how the floor of the first floor will be arranged in this house - also not an unimportant detail for warmth, even for a house that is intended for seasonal living.
Oleg Klimov: Yuri, tell us what is being done now, at what stage of construction?
Foreman:First, the logs are impregnated with a special solution - an antiseptic without protection, then the logs are laid and then the crowns are laid.
Oleg Klimov: Let's see how the logs will lie and why they are impregnated.
As we can see, this is the foundation of the house, it is made of foundation blocks, of 4, placed one on top of the other, connected with mortar, under each such column there is a concrete pad, under the concrete pad there is crushed stone and a beam frame for the foundation is installed on this entire structure. Sex sticks are laid on it, and before they are laid, they are impregnated with an antiseptic.
Oleg Klimov: How will this beam be attached here?
Foreman: They will lie across, and they will be fastened with a special corner, the corner is called reinforcement.
Oleg Klimov: Is it powerful enough to support this beam?
Foreman: Yes, there is a distance of 60-64 centimeters between them and then the insulation is laid.
Oleg Klimov: How will you style it then? Let's put one beam and show how it will all look.
Oleg Klimov: The beam stands approximately like this, sitting on the corner. Where will the insulation be located here?
Foreman: To insulate the floor, bars are first nailed down, then 25 boards are laid on them - the subfloor. Placed on top of the rough board vapor barrier film so that there are no gaps, and mineral wool insulation is placed on it and the top is once again covered with film and then the floor is laid.
Oleg Klimov: Does this turn out to be a finished floor right away?
Foreman: Yes.
Oleg Klimov: Will there be no subfloor stage? Will there be a finished floor right away?
Foreman:It will be clean right away.
We will talk about what is happening at the sites of other participants in the following programs, every day, except Saturday, on the Domashny TV channel at 18.30, watch new episodes of the reality show Construction, where they do not build illusions, but build houses.
