Do-it-yourself overhaul of a balcony in a panel house: the right recommendations. How to insulate a balcony with your own hands: from a refrigerator to a warm island And what to do with windows

Residents of panel houses in winter time years may face the problem of cold in apartments. Despite the hot radiators, the room is not warm and comfortable enough. This is especially true for rooms with loggias. This is due to the fact that quite a lot can go through the loggia. a large number of heat.

Thermal insulation of a ventilated room will help solve the problem. Insulate the loggia in panel house will not be difficult if you have minimal construction skills.

What can be done?

There are several ways to eliminate heat loss through a loggia. First of all, it is necessary to make glazing. After this, experts recommend performing thermal insulation, because reinforced concrete slabs, from which panel buildings are built, have high thermal conductivity, which leads to inevitable heat loss.

To give the loggia an aesthetic appearance after insulation, you will definitely need interior decoration. In principle, these steps will be enough to achieve the goal, but some owners additionally spend on the loggia and heating.

Glazing

Currently the most common window designs three types:

metal-plastic;
wooden;
aluminum.

The metal-plastic profile compares favorably with the price of the other two, has a long service life and high tightness. A significant disadvantage of such a frame is its low environmental friendliness compared to wooden structures.

Modern wooden frames can be made in any variety and successfully protect against external factors, incl. and from the cold. However, high-quality products have a fairly high price.

Thermal insulation

The most important stage of insulating a loggia is the installation of heat-insulating material. The process itself is divided into several stages. But before you start work, you need to select the insulation itself.

Selection of thermal insulation material

Market building materials today provides a huge selection of insulation materials, in particular:

penofol;
polyurethane foam;
Styrofoam;
penoplex;
extruded polystyrene foam.

When choosing insulation, you should take into account several features of the loggia. Firstly, there is no need to resist moisture, because... loggia is enough dry room. Secondly, the work will be carried out from the inside, therefore the thickness of the material should not be very large, so as not to take away precious centimeters of internal space.

In this regard, thermal insulation is most often performed using foam plastic or penoplex.

To create a frame, use well-dried wooden blocks 40 cm thick (50 cm in cold regions). The frame elements are fixed to the ceiling, walls, under the window at intervals of 50 cm. The bars are secured with ordinary screws and plastic dowels.

A block adjusted to size is applied to the installation site, after which holes for screws are made in it every 40 cm. Next, dowels are inserted into the holes, after which the block is secured with screws.

Please note that the frame elements are installed not only in planes, but also in all corners in which any load is subsequently expected. For example, under a window it is necessary not only to install bars vertically, but also one horizontally.

Installation of insulation

Since the distance between the sheathing bars is 50 cm, a sheet of foam plastic measuring 50x100 cm is laid without adjustment.

If the slab measures 100x100 cm, use a sharp knife to cut it in half.

The material is fixed using assembly adhesive, which can be conveniently applied with a special notched trowel.

Small cracks are sealed using polyurethane foam, the excess of which is removed after hardening. Large grooves are filled with foam scraps.

Interior decoration

To cover the loggia from the inside, you can use wall MDF panels. The products are attached to a previously made crate. Foam plastic provides stability and rigidity to the structure, preventing damage to the panels. The panels are secured with self-tapping screws.

For the ceiling it is better to use lightweight polyvinyl chloride panels, which can also be secured with self-tapping screws or construction stapler. Install in corners starting profile or ceiling foam plinth.

Placed on the floor plywood sheets and secured with self-tapping screws. It is better to treat the plywood coating with drying oil twice. You can also lay linoleum or laminate. Lastly, fix the baseboard.

The layout of most apartments in panel houses includes loggias, which are most often used as a place for storing old things and drying clothes. However, by insulating a balcony in a panel house with your own hands from the outside and inside, you can significantly expand the possible area of its use. Many, having insulated the loggia, expand the living space of the apartment, turning it into a separate room or increasing the area of the adjacent room.

Where to start?

If the planned scope of work involves redevelopment in the apartment, then you need to start by contacting the relevant supervisory services to agree on the list of works and obtain permission. Having received Required documents, you can safely begin work.

If in the house Wall panels do not provide the required level of thermal insulation, then it may be worth insulating the balcony from the outside.

This is associated with such difficulties as high-rise work (in the case of a multi-storey building) and, as a consequence, the involvement of specialized organizations. You can also do internal insulation. This type it is permissible to carry out work without the involvement of third parties.

First you need to clean the entire balcony, repair all the cracks and existing damage. It is especially worth paying attention to those places where the reinforcement is exposed. This will avoid further destruction of structures, and will also allow for high-quality glazing of the balcony. Also, do not forget about treating insulated surfaces with antiseptic compounds. This will help prevent mold and mildew from appearing in the future.

Glazing of the loggia

The choice of glazing should be approached especially responsibly, since the quality of the glazing will directly affect the level of thermal insulation of the balcony. Today, the most attractive in terms of price/quality ratio are metal plastic windows from 5 – 6 chamber profile and double-chamber glazing. You can, of course, limit yourself to single-chamber glazing. In this case, it is necessary that the glass have an energy-saving coating.

Balcony glazing

You can also install aluminum windows, the design of which provides for the presence of a thermal break. That is why this type of window has a higher heat transfer resistance coefficient. Such windows will help retain heat on the balcony in the winter season.

Another option is to install wooden windows, combining the advantages of metal-plastic and aluminum windows. Such windows will also be the most environmentally friendly, as they are made from natural wood. However, it is worth considering that the cost of such windows is the highest. In any case, no matter what option is chosen, the main thing is high-quality glazing.

Which material to choose?

After glazing, you can proceed directly to insulating the ceiling, walls and floor of the balcony. First you need to decide on the materials that will be used as insulation. It is worth noting that the technology for laying various materials is identical due to the similarity of their geometric shapes and structure (sheets, slabs). The main attention should be paid to the thermal conductivity coefficient of the selected materials. It will directly affect their cost.

The most popular insulation materials for thermal insulation of balconies are:

penoplex;
Styrofoam;
mineral wool.

The most preferred material, taking into account the available set of properties, is penoplex. This material is produced according to the principle new technology, which gives him:

low thermal conductivity;
long service life;
ease of installation;
increased cost.

In cases of limited budget, you can choose another insulating material, for example, foam plastic, with minimal losses. The greatest cost savings come from next diagram balcony insulation:

for floor insulation, choose mineral wool or a similar material;
for the ceiling - penofol or similar material;
We will insulate the walls with foam plastic sheets having a thickness of at least 75 mm.

It is worth noting that the choice of insulation material is also greatly influenced by the material that will subsequently be used to finish the ceiling, walls and floor.

Ceiling insulation

At first glance, it may seem that insulating the ceiling is a more complex process compared to insulating walls or floors. However, this is not quite true. Sequence of work in in this case as follows:

foil is glued onto the cleaned and antiseptic-treated ceiling roll insulation, for example, penofol;
a sheathing for the future ceiling is attached on top of the insulation, which can be either wooden slats, and from ceiling metal profiles;
an electrical cable is being laid for future lamps;
finishing material is attached.

Installation of insulation is possible different ways. This can be gluing using:

regular PVA glue. However, here we must remember that in order to avoid the formation of bubbles, the insulation must be rolled with a roller;
polyurethane foam;
tile adhesive.

You can also avoid using glue altogether and fix the insulation using self-tapping screws.

In this case, self-tapping screws with wide heads are used. The choice of option for attaching insulation to the ceiling depends on specific situation. It is worth noting that the price of insulating a loggia in a panel house will largely depend on the type of materials used.

Insulation of walls and floors

Thermal insulation of walls is the most large-scale type of work. It must begin with the installation of the sheathing. The lathing is mounted from wooden beam, the thickness of which is selected based on the thickness of the insulation. Most often, timber 40x40 or 50x50 mm is used for this purpose. If the insulation material turns out to be thicker, then additional supports are placed under the sheathing.

Floor insulation

Work should start with installation vertical racks at the corners of the balcony. The remaining racks are attached in increments of about a meter. After leveling the racks, they are fastened to the walls using dowels, followed by transverse installation. The transverse step is approximately half a meter.

After the sheathing is ready, foam boards are laid. The sheets are fastened using special plastic dowels, which are shaped like a mushroom. The approximate consumption of dowels will be from 5 to 7 pieces per sheet. If as finishing cladding If plaster is used, the foam sheets must additionally be glued. Can be used as an adhesive material various adhesives, tile adhesive or polyurethane foam. If after installation thermal insulation material If there are gaps between the beams and the foam sheets, they should be “blown out” with polyurethane foam. To avoid the formation of condensation and waterlogging of the insulation, a vapor barrier film is attached to the sheathing beams on top of the insulation.

Floor insulation begins with laying waterproofing, since the balcony is glazed, it will cope with this function perfectly polyethylene film, which will reliably protect against accidental leaks. Logs made of wooden beams are laid on top of the film. They must be aligned horizontally. We lay insulation (mineral wool) between the joists. Laying must be done tightly so that no gaps form between the joists and the insulation. We install a layer on top of the insulation vapor barrier film, and then the subfloor. As a subfloor, you can use plywood with a thickness of 10 mm or more or OSB boards. The subfloor is secured using self-tapping screws.

Balcony cladding

Once the insulation of the balcony has been completed, you can move on to covering it. For this you can use a wide variety of materials. One of the options is lining or eurolining. The lining is made from natural material, therefore not capable of harming human health. At the same time, it is characterized by increased cost. It can be attached to the sheathing using a construction stapler or nails.

Cladding the loggia with clapboard

Another finishing option is to use plastic panels. Especially if they have a pattern or texture that imitates natural wood. This type of finishing is affordable. One of the simplest ways to secure a panel is to use “ liquid nails" You can also consider finishing the balcony with panels made of pressed cardboard covered with a special film. However, the use of this material requires the exclusion of any contact with water.

Finishing is the final stage of work on insulating a balcony, after which it always becomes beautiful and warm.

How to insulate a balcony with your own hands

Insulating a balcony is something that almost everyone who has purchased an apartment without renovation faces. This process is quite important in terms of maintaining heat in all rooms, since cold air in winter penetrates directly into the living rooms through the balcony. Insulation can be carried out using different materials, while the technology of work allows you to do this yourself, without calling specialists.

Using the balcony you can do living room more by connecting these two rooms. In addition, this room can be made into a separate small room, which can act as an office, hookah bar or just a place to relax. And then the balcony will not serve the function of a storage room, which it mainly performs, but will be used for a more useful purpose. This solution will be the most practical and at the same time fashionable. Today, the decision to convert balconies and loggias into mini-rooms has become a fairly popular solution. In order to make your time on the balcony comfortable, warm and without causing discomfort, you should think about high-quality insulation of the balcony. In any case, this room requires high-quality thermal insulation, and in order to understand how to insulate a balcony with your own hands, you need to familiarize yourself with the types of insulation and the technology of work.

Insulating a balcony is a process that requires time and expense. You need to approach this issue responsibly and carefully consider and calculate all the stages. How to insulate a balcony with your own hands, step by step photo will help you understand the main stages of work.

One of the first steps to a warm balcony (loggia) is glazing it with a metal-plastic system, which consists of a double-chamber double-glazed window. But this is still only half a step towards the goal, as plastic windows do not provide good result, the temperature in the cold season on such a balcony will be only a couple of degrees higher than outside.

Which insulation to choose?

Very often, when it is necessary to thermally insulate a balcony or loggia, the most difficult question is how to insulate a balcony inside. Before deciding on the choice of insulation for a balcony (loggia), you need to learn about the materials themselves and understand which one is more suitable for a particular room. Further heat savings directly depend on the characteristics of the insulation. Once installed plastic double glazed windows, all existing cracks should be sealed.

Important point: the best option insulating a balcony will insulate it from the outside; during cold weather it will relieve you of condensation and moisture and save money.

Now there are many materials that are used to insulate balconies. The most popular are:

An important point: the choice of insulation for a balcony will depend on what kind of interior or exterior finishing of the balcony it will be used for.

Technology for insulating a balcony or loggia from the inside

How to properly insulate a balcony from the inside? This question interests many who have started renovations in this room. If you do not have the opportunity to insulate the balcony from the outside of the building, then you should insulate it from the inside. However, it should be borne in mind that by insulating the balcony from the inside, the area is reduced. This point is a significant drawback in using this method of insulation. Another disadvantage of thermal insulation in this way is the formation of condensation, which will be quite difficult to get rid of after all the work has already been done. The first step will be to prepare and treat the walls, floor and ceiling with sealant or foam for installation.

Important point: If there are large holes and cracks on the balcony, a large amount of sealant or polyurethane foam is consumed on them. To reduce material consumption, fill all cracks with polystyrene foam.

If the balcony is used as a separate room or when it is combined with a living room, double insulation of the balcony and cladding should be done. This means that the selected thermal insulation material should be laid not in one layer, but in two layers.

The main stages of thermal insulation of a balcony from the inside:

To prevent the formation of moisture under the layer of thermal insulation, and subsequently fungus and mold, a layer of vapor barrier should be laid in front of the insulation layer;
You can use roofing felt as a flooring material to create waterproofing for a balcony. It is stacked on top of each other, the edges are sealed with a gas burner;
Next, you need to secure the material;
After this, the ceiling is finished;
Then the floor is poured and laid.

Insulating a balcony using expanded polystyrene (foam plastic)

Despite the fact that polystyrene foam is not a very durable material, it is the most common. Polystyrene foam is produced in slabs whose thickness ranges from five to fifteen centimeters. To insulate a balcony you will need only 5-10 slabs. Foam plastic is not afraid of moisture, all its properties are preserved.

How to insulate a balcony in a panel house using polystyrene foam:

the surface of the balcony is covered with a layer of primer only after it has been waterproofed;
Using special glue, we fix the slabs to the surface;
to secure the slab more firmly, we perform another fastening with special plastic dowels, also called umbrellas;
paraisolation is fixed on top. At the same time, when insulating from the inside, vapor barrier is an optional step;
then the reinforcing mesh is glued using an adhesive solution.

Putty, plaster, paint or some other finishing is applied on top of the last layer, depending on the preferences and desires of the owners.

How to insulate the floor on the balcony

This process is much simpler. The technology of work is as follows:

it is necessary to clean the floor from debris and dust;
Next, you should lay a layer of foil and penofol on the floor;
Then the sheathing is fixed;
layers of insulation are laid in the gaps, and the joints are sealed with sealant;
Then the installation of parquet, linoleum, laminate is carried out.

An important point: you should take into account that the floor will become fifteen centimeters higher.

Insulation of the balcony from the outside

Carrying out work on insulating a balcony from the outside yourself, without calling a specialized team, can only be done when the apartment is located on the lower floors: the first or second. The main advantage is that with such insulation the usable area is preserved. The disadvantage is considered to be high cost, since all work will be performed by specialist climbers.

An important point: if it is not possible to secure the thermal insulation material yourself, you should not risk your health and life by hanging or climbing over the fence.

If a decision has been made to self-insulation balcony from the outside, then it is necessary, first of all, to purchase or rent not only materials for insulation, but also tools for installation on a hill: scaffolding, stepladders, platforms.

Main stages of work:

Selecting a suitable thermal insulation material. How can you insulate:

Styrofoam;
mineral wool;
expanded polystyrene;
sandwich panels;

Glazing of the balcony. Not worth regretting cash on purchasing high-quality double-glazed windows;
Preparing the plane. The surface is treated with a soil solution after the stage of removing contamination and sealing seams and cracks has been completed;
Fastening profiles. They are installed after the walls have completely dried after priming. Foam will be installed on the profiles and secured with dowels;
Gluing foam. A thick layer of glue is applied to the entire area of the sheet, wall and joints;
Styrofoam fastenings. After two days, when the glue has completely dried, we secure the surface with dowels;
Treating the wall with primer and applying plaster.

Work should be done from bottom to top, in checkerboard pattern. It requires special training and skills. It is recommended to carry out such work only in the warm season, when wind and precipitation cannot interfere with the work.

How to insulate a balcony from the inside with your own hands video

Loggia or balcony Absolutely every apartment has it, but in our region it is used for a fairly short time, limited to the summer months.

This room has a row interesting benefits, for example, breathe fresh air, listen to the evening birdsong, find a place for an overgrown greenhouse or sleep in a cool room - that’s not full list additional amenities that a properly equipped balcony gives us.

The most expensive The next step in the list of measures for the improvement of this room is strengthening its thermal insulation. To eliminate confusion in the further narrative, we will call both of these unheated rooms a balcony.

The first stage Insulation of a balcony in a panel house is the installation of metal-plastic balcony frames. Even new wooden structure The glazing has a sufficient number of grooves and cracks through which heat will escape to the outside.

New generation thermal insulation materials are quite light and quite durable. Their installation does not cause serious problems and does not require advanced knowledge or the use of any specialized equipment. At the same time, the material parameters have a long service life and improved technical qualities.

Styrofoam

The most cost-effective An option for insulating a balcony in a panel house is. The thickness of the slabs sufficient for thermal insulation of the balcony is 5-10 cm, depending on the personal priorities of the owner.

This absolutely safe the material does not have a specific odor and does not emit toxic poisons, is light in weight, is easy to saw and lay during installation, and can be mounted directly under decorative trim, as it has zero vapor permeability.

However, it requires additional shelters from possible accidental fires, for example, a cigarette thrown by a neighbor, since not all types of foam are fireproof. Also, this type of insulation does not have protection against rodents.

Mineral wool

Second priority type of insulation for a balcony is. Her price range slightly exceeds the cost of polystyrene foam.

However, this material has extra quality, these are improved sound insulation parameters; for many densely populated regions, this indicator is a serious advantage.

The insulation has low fire activity, since the temperature of active combustion of a mineral is possible only when it reaches a thousand degrees. Cotton wool does not attract insects and rodents.

However, the laying of blocks must be accompanied with mandatory compliance all safety regulations, since the composition mineral wool glass dust enters, which causes irritation to the skin and mucous membranes.

Work must happen in special protective suits, using glasses and respirators. When installing this insulation, it is necessary to provide an additional vapor barrier layer under the interior decorative trim.

Expanded polystyrene materials

Because of high consumer demand, manufacturers provide a wide selection of universal insulating materials designed for insulating residential premises, with improved parameters of vapor, heat and waterproofing.

Products created to protect the balcony from external conditions environment, prevents condensation and prevents moisture from accumulating inside the room. It is very light and thin, easy to install and does not take up useful space on very limited balconies.

Main representatives this class are presented in this collection:

The material, created on the basis of foamed polyethylene, which contains air pores isolated from each other, is called. It is a thin, light, flexible fabric with a reflective aluminum surface, which is cut with ordinary scissors and transported in rolls.
It is manufactured in the form of heat-insulating boards, which have different thicknesses, can be easily cut with a stationery knife, and have a rough surface, which is very convenient for fastening with subsequent layers of sheathing.
The most worthy modern representative of the latest polystyrene foam coatings is isolon. The thermal conductivity of 1 cm of coating is equal to 15 cm of brickwork, to 5 cm wooden floor or 5 cm layer of mineral wool, noise absorption reaches 18 dB.

Balcony insulation technology

Initial stage Insulating the front wall of a balcony with absolutely any chosen insulator is laying a reliable protective layer of waterproofing.

This will prevent precipitation penetration during heavy rains and squally winds, the insulation will also be protected from sunlight, which will extend the service life of the entire skin and create a more isolated climate from sudden changes in environmental conditions

It is more convenient to choose as a waterproofing agent PVC film up to 200 microns or a waterproofing membrane. Installation of the film is carried out by overlapping the canvases on each other with the obligatory fastening of the joints with construction tape. The structure of the membranes requires preliminary heat treatment of the joints before fastening.

If the design of the balcony parapet allows, you can immediately attach the selected insulation directly to the waterproofing layer. It is more convenient to install any heat insulator with pre-gluing material and then secured with umbrella dowels.

If the existing parapet does not allow necessary installation, then after waterproofing the front wall of the balcony, it is necessary to build additional sheathing, in which thermal insulation panels will be installed.

If polystyrene foam material is chosen as insulation, then the vapor barrier layer will optional, but when choosing mineral wool, it is extremely necessary. Vapor barrier will prevent condensation from penetrating from a warm room into the porous layer of insulation, avoiding the appearance of fungus and mold in the sheathing.

The next step is to install the wooden sheathing on which the panels will be attached decorative finishing, it can be lining or drywall. Formed air pockets are additional insulated chambers that work to preserve heat in the room.

You can go further and after insulating the front wall of the balcony, switch to floor and ceiling. Floor insulation involves identical measures: first, installation is carried out wooden logs, on top of which a layer of waterproofing is laid, then insulation. Next, a layer of vapor barrier is secured, completing the “pie” by covering the subfloor.

Insulation of the main wall adjacent to the room is impractical, since any porous material at the heat-cold interface will be subject to excessive condensation, i.e. environment for the growth of fungus and mold.

Insulation of balcony parapet from the inside it is quite recommended to do it yourself. This work does not require advanced skills and abilities and can be done independently.

And here glazing and insulation of the balcony from the outside accompanied by increased risk. This work requires the availability of protective equipment and specialized equipment; it requires additional knowledge and skills; it is better to entrust it to specialists.

How to properly insulate a balcony or loggia in a panel house, watch the video:

The loggia could well be called extra room in the apartment, but, unfortunately, many people use it only in summer time, since it initially does not have insulation, and there are no heating radiators installed there.

Modern way insulation - spraying polyurethane foam

Polyurethane foam is sprayed onto the walls using special equipment, and specialized companies are engaged in such insulation.

However, before inviting them to spray such insulation, the walls need to be prepared by lathing them. It will be a kind of frame for the sprayed and expanding heat insulator, as well as for securing decorative finishing material.

The advantage of this method of insulation is that when sprayed, the material, expanding, closes all the cracks, making the surface absolutely not blown, without cold bridges. Polyurethane foam covers not only the walls, but also the ceiling and floor.

Video - How polyurethane foam is sprayed

Loggia design solutions

I would like to show several options. Perhaps, having started the process of turning a cold room into a usable area, someone will be inspired by one of the ideas developed by the designers.

In this case, a standard loggia with a small footage is presented, transformed into cozy room recreation. Here you can retire with a book or laptop and delve into reading. If a large family lives in an apartment, usually each member is doing what they love, and sometimes it is difficult to find a cozy place to sit in silence. An insulated loggia will be an ideal option for this.

In such a room you can place a small TV and enjoy your favorite programs or sit with handicrafts, comfortably choosing comfortable armchair legs. The main thing is that there is extra space that can serve all family members in turn to do what they love.

Original version— the loggia turns into a stylish bar

This option is suitable for apartments in which the door to the loggia is located in the kitchen. In this case, it can become a dining room, especially since most kitchens in apartments are quite small.

If apartment owners like to frequently host parties, a loggia window sill can easily replace a bar counter.

You can also have a romantic dinner here. The evening city, which offers a wonderful view, and the pleasant summer air will create the necessary mood for this. In winter, it’s nice to sit at the counter, sipping coffee and looking at the opening wide panorama outside the window.

Glass sliding doors installed between the kitchen and the loggia will help to unite or separate the rooms, depending on the need.

In this version, it was combined with the living room, and the wall, which previously served as a dividing element between the two rooms, became a unifying one, as it was transformed into a comfortable table.

The area of the former loggia in this layout can be used as an office with a comfortable desk, as well as hobbies when you don’t want anyone to interfere.

And, of course, combining the loggia and the room will increase the total space, opening big window. The room will be more illuminated, which will help save on electricity.

Additional living space can be adapted for various activities, for example, on a loggia winter Garden, workshop or computer room. Therefore, if the apartment is equipped with a loggia, but it is not yet insulated, you need to urgently get down to business and expand the area of your home by using a room that is not used functionally.