The temperature of the water in the batteries is normal. Standard water temperature in central heating radiators Temperature of heating risers in the apartment

Many modern residential apartments are equipped autonomous heating. There is no question of norms here. Everyone sets the water temperature in the radiators as desired and pays according to the meter. However, most houses still have central heating, where the temperature in the radiators is regulated by regulations. When it gets cold in the apartment, people wonder what the normal temperature of the water in the central heating radiators is.

Radiators according to GOST standards

When heat depends on batteries

The heat supply is regulated by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 354 of May 6, 2011. According to this document the start and end of heating is linked to temperature environment. The central heating radiators are turned on when the daily average drops 8 degrees above zero and lasts for five days. On the main territory of Russia this occurs by mid-October.

Battery under the window

Water leaves radiators when the average outdoor temperature reaches +8 degrees Celsius. And it remains so for five days. Battery shutdown times vary according to regulations.

In warm years this occurs at the end of April.

If the temperature is low, then according to the heating standards for residential and industrial premises persists until mid-May. Only during this period of time should we talk about temperature standards for water in radiators. The rest of the time, fighting the cold is the job of the residents.

Normal water temperature

It was once believed that water for central heating should be heated to 100 degrees on the outlet and 60 degrees on the return flow. At that time there was no good equipment to control the heating of water for central heating. This approach is not cost-effective. Rising fuel costs increase utility bills for homeowners.

Standard radiators

Modern equipment makes it possible to use low-temperature heating of apartments in accordance with the standards. This means that the water temperature standards in heating radiators are not constant. They become attached to external factors. The following are taken into account:

1. Heat loss from buildings. It is theoretically possible to build a house without heat loss. To do this, you will need to cover it with insulation of at least a meter thick. In fact, 150 mm of high-performance insulation is considered good thermal insulation. But heat loss will still occur through the walls, floor and roof. The higher these losses, the more heating the home needs to create a comfortable environment.
2. Heat source indicators. If the boiler does not meet the design requirements, then more heating of water for heating is required.
3. Heat transfer from the metal from which pipes and batteries are made. If the metal of the pipes has low thermal conductivity, this will prevent heat loss during transportation from the heat source. Batteries, on the contrary, must have high thermal conductivity in order to transfer heat to the maximum. Cast iron batteries have lower thermal conductivity compared to aluminum and bimetallic ones. For equal heating, the water temperature must be higher in cast iron.

Installing a heating battery according to standards

When assessing the comfort of housing, the temperature in heating system is not the main indicator. Temperature standards refer to the state of the apartment's atmosphere.

Read also: Standard water temperature in the pool according to SanPiN: for children and sports competitions

Thermal indicators of central heating water

The normal temperature of the water in the heating battery is closely related to weather conditions. The standard indicators were developed in 2003. Data for water supply from bottom to top are given in the table below.

Although there are standards for water temperature for batteries, the assessment is based on the state of the air. According to GOSTs, the indicators are as follows:

• in the main rooms, according to standards, t should not fall below +18 °C;
• in corner living spaces the temperature should be +20 °C;
• in the kitchen the allowed standard is from +19 to +21 °C;
• the temperature of the toilet corresponds to that of the kitchen;
• The normal temperature in the bathroom is from +24 to +26 °C;
• interior corridor – from +18 to +20 °C;
• at night, a decrease in these indicators is allowed in accordance with the standards.

Radiator section standard

If these indicators drop below the norm, you must contact the management organization, take control measurements and demand a reduction in the payment for the service. It should be noted that the employees of the management organization take readings themselves using a device called a pyrometer.

This is a small device for non-contact temperature measurement.

When calling management company employees to check the temperature according to the standard, you should familiarize yourself in advance with the rules for working with a pyrometer. Water from radiators or radiators will not be needed for measurements. Compliance with the standard water temperature in heating devices is determined from a distance.

Heating standards table

Managers are not interested in reducing pay. They will do everything to prove that the temperature is normal.

Pyrometer and how to work with it

A pyrometer is an infrared thermometer. It determines temperature by electromagnetic radiation. An accurate engineering device allows you to quickly measure the temperature of an object located at a distance not exceeding three meters from the device.

But even this excellent equipment is capable of producing errors, which is what negligent utility workers take advantage of. When measuring temperature, the device readings will be erroneous if:

• comparatively small room many items made from various materials;
• in room high humidity or a lot of dust;
• the temperature of the device differs significantly from the room temperature;
• the distance to the measured object exceeds 3 m;
• the room is very large.

Read also: Water hardness standard for drinking: general ppm indicator, GOST, drinking standard

Let's look at how CC officers most often take testimony. They arrived from the cold in winter - the device was cold. His own temperature differs significantly from the temperature in a warm apartment.

On a note

Upon entering, they immediately begin measuring - this is done in the hallway. The hallway is a small area filled with various items. Moreover, there are people standing there who are confusing the readings of the device.

To ensure accurate temperature measurements, you should prepare for the inspectors’ visit.

Batteries in a private house

Having written a complaint that in the living quarters during heating season It is not warm enough, you need to do the following:

1. Specify the time of the inspectors' visit.
2. Clean the apartment and get rid of dust.
3. An hour before the arrival of management staff, thoroughly ventilate the room, reducing its humidity.
4. Employees who appear in the apartment should not be left in the hallway. They should be invited to a medium-sized room. It is better to request measurements in different rooms.
5. Engage them in conversation for about 10 minutes. This time will be enough for the device to adapt.
6. Check the pyrometer readings yourself immediately after the measurement.

Radiators in the house

These simple measures will help you prove that the standard water temperature in the central heating radiator is not maintained, and receive compensation for services that were not provided.

What determines the weather in your home?

Modern equipment allows you to maintain supply standards without much human intervention hot water into heating radiators. But the number on the device is one thing, but the actual heat in the apartment is completely different. The final result depends on many parameters:

1. The climate of the area where you live. In Moscow, with its drier climate, the cold is felt less than in St. Petersburg with its dampness.
2. Thermal conductivity of the structure. Houses built of brick have lower thermal conductivity than block houses. As a result, the temperature of the water in the heating radiators may be lower due to less heat loss.
3. Location of the apartment in the house. Corner rooms freeze more than apartments located in the center of the house. Heat loss in heating radiators will be greater.

As a rule, increasing tariffs for residential heating leads to people's dissatisfaction with the quality of heat. This can be called simply a negative reaction to increased bill amounts, but it may well be that the temperature of the water in the heating radiators is very far from normal. In this situation, consumers should be aware of their rights and responsibilities, and that they can request a refund from the service provider.

You should always check the water temperature level in the radiators

Parameters for starting heating

As autumn approaches, the temperature outside becomes lower and lower, people touch their batteries every day and hope that today they will become hot. If this does not happen, then the residents look for the culprits, but in fact, all standards for the supply of heat to houses are specified in Resolution No. 354 of 2011.

This document states that heat is supplied at an outside temperature of 8 degrees Celsius, if it lasts for five days in a row. If this indicator fluctuates in one direction or the other over the specified time, then the radiators and risers in the apartments will remain cold.

Heat is supplied only on the sixth day and, as a rule, in most cases the heating season begins on October 15 and ends on April 15.

In this video you will learn temperature standards in the apartment:

Standards for an apartment

The temperature standards in heating radiators are different for a particular room. The air in apartments should be heated to the following level:

• living area and kitchen - +18°C;
• corner apartments- +20°C;
• bathroom and toilet - +25°C.

Corner apartments should be heated more strongly due to the presence of cold corner walls. The standards for common premises are slightly different:

• entrance - +16°C;
• elevator - +5°C;
• attic and basements- +4°C.

Measurements in residential premises are made according to internal walls no closer than a meter from the outer wall and one and a half meters from the floor level.

If the parameters do not comply with the standards, the consumer must notify the management company. After the required checks, the heat charge can be reduced by 0.15% per hour of deviation from the standards.

Battery temperature

There are minimum and maximum standards. Sometimes, even when heating is started, there is not enough heat in the room due to the fact that the temperature of the radiators is far from the standards. The reason for this is the banal airiness of the system. You can fix the problems with the help of a specialist or yourself using a Mayevsky crane.

If the problem arises due to worn-out riser pipes or batteries, then you simply cannot do without the help of specialists. If the heating system did not work and the air in the apartment was colder than specified in GOST standards, then this entire period is not subject to payment.

Normal minimum temperature heating batteries no, that’s why it’s customary to rely on the air parameters in the apartment. Normal parameters air in heating season- +16…+25°C.

To document that the temperature of the heating system does not meet the norm, it is necessary to invite an authorized representative of the heating service provider. What the water temperature in the batteries should be is described in SNiP 41−01 of 2003:

1. If a two-pipe design is used in the room, then 95°C is the maximum.
2. The norm for a single-pipe design is +115°C.
3. The winter temperature norm for heating radiators in an apartment is +80…+90°C. If it approaches +100°C, then urgent measures must be taken to prevent water from boiling in the system.

Although many battery manufacturers often specify a maximum temperature threshold that is at high level, you don’t need to reach it often, as this will damage the battery.

To ensure that the heating complies with GOST standards, you need to independently take measurements and understand what the temperature of the water in the heating radiators is:

1. An ordinary mercury thermometer can be used, but then 2°C will need to be added to the result obtained.
2. An infrared thermometer will also work.
3. The alcohol thermometer must be tightly tied to the battery, wrapped in thermal insulation.

If the results obtained are far from normal, then you need to submit an application to the heating network office with a request to carry out control measurements. A commission will visit the apartment and make all the necessary calculations.

Actions in the absence of heat

If there is any discrepancy between the heating system and GOST, you need to find the cause of the cold radiators. The best person to deal with this will be the specialists of the supplier company, who will be able to officially record the temperature in the living room.

If the problem is caused by poor system maintenance apartment building, then the solution to the problem rests entirely with the organization supplying the heat. At the same time, all residents should be recalculated for heat or they should be completely exempt from paying if the radiators did not heat at all.

Any application from the residents of the house to the communal structure must be considered in as soon as possible, and the commission must record on the spot the fact of non-compliance of the services provided.

Knowing what the temperature of the radiators in the apartment should be and at what period the heating starts, each resident of an apartment building can determine for himself whether the temperature indicators comply with the established standards. This will help you take action in time and solve the heat problem.

Heating batteries today are the main existing elements of the heating system in city apartments. They are effective household devices responsible for heat transfer, since the comfort and coziness in living quarters for citizens directly depends on them and their temperature.

If you refer to the Government Decree Russian Federation No. 354 of May 6, 2011, heating supply to residential apartments begins when the average daily outside air temperature is less than eight degrees, if this mark remains constant for five days. In this case, the start of heat begins on the sixth day after a decrease in the air index was recorded. For all other cases, the law allows delaying the supply of heat resources. In general, in almost all regions of the country the actual heating season directly and officially begins in mid-October and ends in April.

In practice, it also happens that due to the negligence of heat supply companies, the measured temperature installed batteries in the apartment does not comply with regulated standards. However, in order to complain and demand correction of the situation, you need to know what standards are in force in Russia and how exactly to correctly measure the existing temperature of operating radiators.

Norms in Russia

Considering the main indicators, the official temperatures of the radiators in the apartment are shown below. They are applicable for absolutely all existing systems in which, in direct accordance with the Decree of the Federal Agency for Construction and Housing and Communal Services No. 170 of September 27, 2003, the coolant (water) is supplied from the bottom up.

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In addition, it is necessary to take into account the fact that the temperature of the water that circulates in the radiator directly at the entrance to the functioning heating system must correspond to the current schedules regulated by the utility networks for a particular room. These schedules are regulated by Sanitary Standards and Rules in the sections of heating, air conditioning and ventilation (41-01-2003). Here, in particular, it is indicated that with a two-pipe heating system the maximum temperature indicators are equal to ninety-five degrees, and with a single-pipe heating system - one hundred and five degrees. These measurements must be carried out consistently in accordance with established rules, otherwise, when contacting higher authorities, the readings will not be taken into account.

Maintained temperature

The temperature of heating batteries in residential apartments in centralized heating is determined according to the relevant standards, which reflect a sufficient value for the premises, depending on their intended purpose. In this area, the standards are simpler than in the case of work premises, since the activity of residents is, in principle, not so high and more or less stable. Based on this, the following norms are regulated: Of course, one should take into account individual characteristics

each person, everyone has different activities and preferences, which is why there is a difference in the norms from and to, and not one single indicator is fixed.

Heating in apartment buildings is based on the result of many engineering calculations, which are not always very successful. The process is complicated in that it does not consist in delivering hot water to a specific property, but in distributing water evenly among all available apartments, taking into account all standards and necessary indicators, including optimal humidity. The effectiveness of such a system depends on how coordinated the actions of its elements are, which also includes radiators and pipes in each room. Therefore, radiator batteries cannot be replaced without taking into account the characteristics of heating systems - this leads to negative consequences with a heat deficit or, conversely, an excess of it.

As for optimizing heating in apartments, the following provisions apply:

In any case, if something bothers the owner, it is worth filing an application with the management company, housing and communal services, or the organization responsible for the supply of heat - depending on what exactly differs from the accepted standards and does not satisfy the applicant.

What to do in case of discrepancies?

If the operating heating systems of an apartment building are functionally adjusted with deviations in the measured temperature only in your premises, you need to check the internal apartment heating systems. First of all, you should make sure that they are not airy. It is necessary to touch the individual radiators in the living space from top to bottom and in the opposite direction - if the temperature is uneven, it means that the cause of the imbalance is airing and you need to bleed the air by turning a separate tap on the radiator radiators. It is important to remember that you cannot open the tap without first placing some container under it for the water to flow into. At first, the water will come out with a hiss, that is, with air; you need to close the tap when it flows without hissing and smoothly. Some time later You should check the places on the battery that were cold - they should now be warm.

If the reason is not in the air, you need to submit an application to the management company. In turn, she must send a responsible technician to the applicant within 24 hours, who must draw up a written conclusion about the inconsistency of the temperature regime and send a team to fix the existing problems.

If the management company has not responded to the complaint, you need to take measurements yourself in the presence of your neighbors.

How to measure temperature?

You should consider how to correctly measure the temperature of radiators. You need to prepare a special thermometer, open the tap and place some container with this thermometer under it. It’s worth noting right away that only an upward deviation of four degrees is permissible. If this is problematic, you need to contact the Housing Office, but if the batteries are airy, submit an application to the DEZ. Everything should be fixed within one week.

Exist additional ways for measuring the temperature of heating radiators, namely:

If the temperature is unsatisfactory, you must file a corresponding complaint.

Minimum and maximum indicators

Like other indicators that are important to ensure the required living conditions for people (humidity indicators in apartments, warm water supply temperatures, air, etc.), the temperature of heating radiators in fact has certain acceptable minimums depending on the time of year. However, neither the law nor established standards They do not prescribe any minimum standards for residential batteries. Based on this, it can be noted that the indicators must be maintained such that the above-mentioned permissible temperatures in the premises are normally maintained. Of course, if the temperature of the water in the radiators is not high enough, it will actually be impossible to ensure the optimal required temperature in the apartment.

If there is no minimum established, then the maximum indicator Sanitary standards and the rules, in particular 01/41/2003, are established. This document defines the standards that are required for an indoor heating system. As mentioned earlier, for two-pipe this is ninety-five degrees, and for single-pipe it is one hundred and fifteen degrees Celsius. However, the recommended temperatures are from eighty-five degrees to ninety, since water boils at one hundred degrees.

The heating battery is the main element of the heating system in a city apartment, an effective household device for transferring heat. The coziness and comfort of living of all residents of the house largely depends on the batteries (radiators) and their temperature.

In this article we will tell you: what should be the temperature of the heating radiators in the apartment, what are its standards and whether interruptions in the heat supply are acceptable.

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Classmates

Start of the heating season

The beginning of the supply of heating to residential apartments is indicated in the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 05/06/2011 N 354. The document states that as soon as the average daily air temperature on the street is below +8 ºС and remains unchanged for 5 days in a row, in heating is turned on in apartments.

In all other cases, the moment of heat supply can be delayed for legally. Detailed information about when Which temperature turn on heating in apartments You can read.

Note: heat will begin to flow into apartments no earlier than on the 6th day after the recorded outside air temperature.

In the majority regions of the country heating season begins from mid-October and ends in April.

Reasons for the lack of heat in the apartment

• Breakdown of the heating system of the house;
• Filling of pipes conducting heat into houses with air;
• Unfinished renovation work.

If the delay in heating supply is caused by a breakdown of the intra-house system, then it is impossible to correct the situation until the problem is fixed.

If the reason for the delay is in filling the heating supply pipes with air, you must contact the operating organization. The specialist must “blow out” the batteries within 24 hours after the call, and there will be no obstacles to filling them with circulating liquid.

Why is the heat supply to the radiators interrupted?

It is important to know that legally, interruptions in heating supply can be:

• Maximum 24 hours. Provided that the minimum air temperature in the apartment is +12 ºС;
• Maximum 8 hours. If the temperature drops to between +10 and +12 ºС;
• No more than 4 hours if the thermometer shows +8 ºС and below.

All downtime periods are indicated in total for the month. If residents notice that these values ​​are exceeded, they should file a complaint with the responsible organization. Familiarize with optimal Temperature indicators in the apartment in winter can be found in .

Heating radiator temperature standards

Therefore, it is so important to follow the rules for installing and operating heating radiators in every apartment. Otherwise, the heat will be distributed unevenly, which will lead to the fact that one apartment will be warm and the next one will be cold.

An important point also is . To avoid such situations, we came up with appropriate valid values(standards).

Acceptable minimum battery temperature

However, the minimum temperature of batteries in apartments by law and regulations not registered. This means that the indicator should be such that was preserved permissible temperature air in the apartment (+18 to + 25 degrees).

Obviously, which is unacceptable low battery temperatures, achieve normal air temperature throughout the apartment impossible.

What should the maximum value be?

• The maximum permissible temperature for batteries in an apartment is considered to be 95°C at two-pipe system heating;
• With a single-pipe heating system, the temperature maximum is 115°C;
• The recommended temperature is between 85°C and 90°C. This is due to the fact that 100°C is the boiling point of water. When this indicator is reached, special measures to prevent boiling;

Note: Despite the fact that the temperature maximum is 115 °C, operating batteries in this mode is not recommended. They break quickly if they work under such increased load.

How to measure battery temperature?

• An ordinary thermometer. In this case, to the measured surface index heating device 1-2°C should be added;
• Using an infrared thermometer;
• Use an alcohol thermometer to measure the temperature of the battery by taping it tightly to it. For accurate measurement, you need to cover the thermometer with heat-insulating material.

It is important: The device used to measure battery temperature must have a quality certificate. The measurement range should be from 5 to 40 degrees C - this greatly minimizes the measurement error. The permissible error is no more than 0.1 g. C of measurement.

If the battery temperature significantly doesn't reach recommended quantities should be written application to the management company to carry out measurements. Commission in the presence of the apartment tenant will carry out control measuring the fluid circulating in the battery and will establish inconsistency.

Note: Before measuring the temperature of the batteries, measure the temperature of the hot water from the tap. These indicators are interrelated with each other. If the thermometer readings are in the range from 60 to 75 °C, this is considered normal; if lower, this is a deviation from it.

What to do if there is no heating?

To do this, together with a representative of the operating company, it is necessary to measure the temperature in each room. If it turns out to be lower, it is important to record the readings.

Based on the results of measurements, service company is obliged to take measures, correct the situation and recalculate heating fees during periods of discrepancy. If there is no action on the part of the responsible company, it can be held administratively liable for violating public utility rules.

If the recalculation did not motivate the responsible organization to correct errors, you should draw up collective complaint residents of the house about temperature violations. It will become the basis for going to court. For violations, the organization supplying heat may be seriously fined.

Thus, the temperature of the batteries in the apartment during the heating season must comply with the requirements of SNiP.

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