Author Ilya olganov asked a question in the section Other things about cities and countries
Which mountains are higher, the Ural or the Caucasus? and got the best answer
Answer from Len.[guru]
The most high point Caucasus Mountains Mount Elbrus, its height is 5642m. And the highest point of the Ural Mountains is Mount Narodnaya. height 1895m.
Reply from Just Yours[guru]
Caucasian.
Reply from Kyz[guru]
Caucasian of course...
Reply from #####
[guru]
The Caucasus Mountains (Georgian: კავკასიონი, Armenian: Կովկաս, Azerbaijani: Qafqaz, Karach.-Balk: Caucasus taula, Tur.: Kafkas Dağları) is a mountain system between the Black and Caspian Seas.
Highest point
Elbrus (5642 m)
It is divided into two mountain systems: the Greater Caucasus and the Lesser Caucasus.
The Greater Caucasus extends more than 1,100 km from northwest to southeast, from the Anapa region and the Taman Peninsula to the Absheron Peninsula on the Caspian coast, near Baku. The Greater Caucasus reaches its maximum width in the Elbrus region (up to 180 km). In the axial part there is the Main Caucasian (or Watershed) ridge, to the north of which a number of parallel ridges (mountain ranges), including a monoclinal (cuesta) character, extend. The southern slope of the Greater Caucasus mostly consists of en echelon ridges adjacent to the Main Caucasus Range. Traditionally, the Greater Caucasus is divided into 3 parts: Western Caucasus (from the Black Sea to Elbrus), Central Caucasus (from Elbrus to Kazbek) and Eastern Caucasus (from Kazbek to the Caspian Sea).
The Greater Caucasus is a region with extensive modern glaciation. The total number of glaciers is about 2,050, and their area is approximately 1,400 km². More than half of the glaciation in the Greater Caucasus is concentrated in the Central Caucasus (50% of the number and 70% of the area of glaciation). Large centers of glaciation are Mount Elbrus and the Bezengi Wall. The largest glacier in the Greater Caucasus is the Bezengi glacier (length about 17 km).
The Lesser Caucasus is connected to the Greater Caucasus by the Likhsky ridge, in the west it is separated from it by the Colchis Lowland, in the east by the Kura Depression. Length - about 600 km, height - up to 3724 m.
The Ural Mountains are a mountain system between the East European and West Siberian plains. The length is more than 2000 (with Pai-Khoi and Mugodzhary - more than 2500) km, width from 40 to 150 km.
Highest point
Narodnaya town (1,875 m)
Reply from Irim[guru]
The Ural mountains are not high, but their beauty is unique!
Reply from Elena Zhirkova[guru]
Caucasian
Reply from Mila Ilyasova[newbie]
Why will they be saved from disasters in the Western Urals: because of the altitude of the area, the ability to live without electricity, fertile land, or...?
Reply from Yoaid Nabiev[newbie]
Caucasian
Reply from Lerachka Lefterova[newbie]
Caucasian
Reply from Irina Kudryashova[newbie]
Caucasian
Russia is a huge country. It is not surprising that it contains all the terrain that is found in nature. Among the plains and steppes special place occupy mountain ranges and peaks. They attract travelers and researchers, scientists and tourists, archaeologists and climbers. What mountains are there in Russia? What should you pay attention to?
Origin
Mountainous regions are formed as a result of complex processes. Tectonic crushing, faulting and faulting of rocks occur in the earth's crust. They are carried out continuously during the entire existence of the planet, in ancient time eras such as the Paleozoic, Mesozoic or Cenozoic. Young are considered to be those who are at Far East, in Kamchatka and the Kuril Islands. These areas often experience seismic activity and volcanic eruptions.
In the European part of Russia there is a large plain, which has a geographical border in the east in the form. These are unique natural sculptures that evoke national pride.
Interesting! Only in the Urals there is a natural reserve protecting mineralogy. In Ilmensky place huge variety minerals, unique and amazing in their structure and structure.
There are many tourist centers in the Urals, with ski resorts located on them. Climbers conquer these majestic heights.
Options for the Russian mountains
- Baikal region and Transbaikalia;
- Altai;
- Sayan Mountains;
- Verkhoyansky and Stanovoy ridges;
- Chersky ridge.
Each of the areas is interesting and beautiful, the names of the mountains in their composition are unique and owe their origin to the peoples who inhabit the surrounding territories. These regions attract harsh conditions, tests for body and spirit. Altai is one of the most popular destinations for tourists. But the Chersky ridge is on the map, but has been little studied so far, but experts suggest that it will also become an attractive place for travelers.
Diversity of territories
The Far East is a region consisting primarily of mountainous terrain. The southern territorial part consists of medium and low ones, but in the north there are high ridges. The highest point in the Far East is Klyuchevskaya Sopka is a volcano 4750 m high.
The mountains in this region are constantly growing; they are located at the junction of plates that are in motion, which is why there are many volcanoes. In addition to them, there is a unique object for which it is worth going to Kamchatka - the Valley of Geysers.
Important! Sikhote-Alin, located in the Primorye region, is part of the World Heritage Site. This system is rich not only in the diversity of flora and fauna. This point of Russia on the map is the homeland of the Far Eastern leopard and Amur tiger.
Caucasus
The Caucasus deserves a separate description. This massif extends from the Black to the Caspian, its length is more than 1200 km. Caucasus ridge has division into Northern part and Transcaucasia.
The height of the Caucasus Mountains varies along the entire length of the ridge. He is the one who has the highest point in the whole country and Europe– this is Elbrus. The mountain was formed as a result of a volcanic eruption. It has an altitude of 5600 m above sea level. Elbrus is located in such a place that it can be seen from all sides. Travelers approached it back in the early 19th century. At its peak, the temperature does not rise above -14 degrees. Snow falls on the mountain constantly, which makes its snow cap ideal. This peak feeds the two largest ones - Kuban and Terek.
The Greater Caucasus contains the three highest mountains in Russia:
- Elbrus;
- Dykhtau;
- Kazbek.
Interesting! In addition to the Caucasus Mountains, Kamchatka and Altai are famous for their large hills, among them: Klyuchevskaya Sopka, Belukha, Ichinskaya Sopka.
10 high mountains
A little more detail about each of the largest hills:
- It’s already clear about Elbrus; it is an inactive volcano, part of national park. Its height is 5642 meters.
- Dykhtau ranks second among the country's mountain peaks. This mountain, part of the Caucasus Range, rises to 5200 m. The ascent to this peak was first carried out only in 1888.
- The country's third largest mountain is located on the border of Russia and Georgia. This is Pushkin Peak. It rises near Dykhtau in the center of the Caucasus ridge. Its conquest took place in 1961. It is interesting that this ascent was made not by professionals, but by football players of the Spartak club. The height of the peak is 5100 meters.
- A little lower, namely a hundred meters, rises Kazbek. It is also related to the Greater Caucasus, located in its lateral part in the Khokh mountain range. Three London climbers conquered this peak back in the mid-19th century.
- Near the border of Georgia and Kabardino-Balkaria there is the fifth highest point in size in Russia called Gestola. At its top, glaciers have accumulated that date back to the Paleozoic era. The most famous of them is Adishi.
- Sixth in the top ten is the peak of Shota Rustaveli. Although the peak bears the name on the map famous person Georgian origin, but still belongs to the Russian part of the Caucasus. The peak stands on the border, no wonder both countries claim rights to it. The mountain has 4895 meters.
- A little lower (4780 meters) is Mount Jimara. It is located in Alanya, near the border of Russia and Georgia. Again, this is part of the Greater Caucasus.
- In ninth place is Mount Saukhoh, again from the Greater Caucasus, located in North Ossetia. The height of the peak is 4636 meters. It belongs to the unconquered peaks, just like Kukurtli-Kolbashi. This mountain completes the list of the ten largest peaks in Russia, its height is 4324 meters.
Interesting! So far no one has conquered the mountain formations located in 8th, 9th and 10th places on the list. This may prompt travelers to new exploits.
Lowest mountains
In addition to the highest mountain peaks, it is interesting to know the rating of the lowest ones. Such a concept as the lowest mountain is very difficult. It turns out that it is not so easy to name it. Only those that are higher can be called mountains, which means they have a height above sea level of more than 500 meters. But mountain ranges can vary in height and have much lower numbers in their composition.
Considered to be the lowest elevations in Russia Khibiny mountain system. This area is located on the Kola Peninsula; getting there is not difficult, like other mountain ranges. The highest point has 1201, this is Mount Yudychvumchorr, the names of mountains or peaks are slightly smaller - Chasnachorr (1189 m) and Putelichorr (1111 m )
Conclusion
The Khibiny Mountains contain more than 800 types of minerals, some of which are found only in these places. The most famous of them is apatite. It is used as fertilizer.
Author Ilya olganov asked a question in the section Other things about cities and countries
Which mountains are higher, the Ural or the Caucasus? and got the best answer
Answer from Len.[guru]
The highest point of the Caucasus Mountains is Mount Elbrus, its height is 5642m. And the highest point of the Ural Mountains is Mount Narodnaya. height 1895m.
Reply from Just Yours[guru]
Caucasian.
Reply from Kyz[guru]
Caucasian of course...
Reply from #####
[guru]
The Caucasus Mountains (Georgian: კავკასიონი, Armenian: Կովկաս, Azerbaijani: Qafqaz, Karach.-Balk: Caucasus taula, Tur.: Kafkas Dağları) is a mountain system between the Black and Caspian Seas.
Highest point
Elbrus (5642 m)
It is divided into two mountain systems: the Greater Caucasus and the Lesser Caucasus.
The Greater Caucasus extends more than 1,100 km from northwest to southeast, from the Anapa region and the Taman Peninsula to the Absheron Peninsula on the Caspian coast, near Baku. The Greater Caucasus reaches its maximum width in the Elbrus region (up to 180 km). In the axial part there is the Main Caucasian (or Watershed) ridge, to the north of which a number of parallel ridges (mountain ranges), including a monoclinal (cuesta) character, extend. The southern slope of the Greater Caucasus mostly consists of en echelon ridges adjacent to the Main Caucasus Range. Traditionally, the Greater Caucasus is divided into 3 parts: Western Caucasus (from the Black Sea to Elbrus), Central Caucasus (from Elbrus to Kazbek) and Eastern Caucasus (from Kazbek to the Caspian Sea).
The Greater Caucasus is a region with extensive modern glaciation. The total number of glaciers is about 2,050, and their area is approximately 1,400 km². More than half of the glaciation in the Greater Caucasus is concentrated in the Central Caucasus (50% of the number and 70% of the area of glaciation). Large centers of glaciation are Mount Elbrus and the Bezengi Wall. The largest glacier in the Greater Caucasus is the Bezengi glacier (length about 17 km).
The Lesser Caucasus is connected to the Greater Caucasus by the Likhsky ridge, in the west it is separated from it by the Colchis Lowland, in the east by the Kura Depression. Length - about 600 km, height - up to 3724 m.
The Ural Mountains are a mountain system between the East European and West Siberian plains. The length is more than 2000 (with Pai-Khoi and Mugodzhary - more than 2500) km, width from 40 to 150 km.
Highest point
Narodnaya town (1,875 m)
Reply from Irim[guru]
The Ural mountains are not high, but their beauty is unique!
Reply from Elena Zhirkova[guru]
Caucasian
Reply from Mila Ilyasova[newbie]
Why will they be saved from disasters in the Western Urals: because of the altitude of the area, the ability to live without electricity, fertile land, or...?
Reply from Yoaid Nabiev[newbie]
Caucasian
Reply from Lerachka Lefterova[newbie]
Caucasian
Reply from Irina Kudryashova[newbie]
Caucasian
The time period for the formation of mountains is estimated at millions of years. Their occurrence occurs as a result of the collision of tectonic plates that formed the earth's crust.
Andean Cordillera
Name the longest mountains in the world, can you do it? Without thinking, you will probably remember the Andes. They are located in South America. Their name is translated from the Incan language as “copper mountains”. They have no equal on our planet.
For those who do not know what the longest mountains in the world are, it is worth saying that the length of the Andean Cordillera is an unprecedented magnitude. It is equal to nine thousand kilometers.
This long mountain range originates from the Caribbean Sea. At the same time, he reaches Tierra del Fuego itself.
Highest peak in the Copper Mountains
The process of formation of the Andean Coldillers continues to this day. Sometimes the mountain range makes itself felt through volcanic eruptions. There are often earthquakes there. The formation process ends with the uplift of rocks.
Huge folds of stone rise to impressive heights.
Mount Aconcagau is considered the highest peak of the Andean Cordillera. Its maximum elevation is 6962 m.
Main characteristics of the Andean Cordillera
If you are asked the question: “Name the longest mountains in the world and describe them,” then it is worth mentioning another parameter. The maximum width of the chain of these unique ridges is seven hundred and fifty kilometers. This value was recorded in the Andean highlands in the Central Andes. There are places where the width of the Copper Mountain is five hundred kilometers.
But a large area of the Andean Coldiriers is occupied by plateaus. It is called Pune. The height of the mountain range here is on average about four kilometers.
According to experts, Copper Mountain is a relatively young formation. The process of its formation was completed about several million years ago. Fossils began to emerge in the Precambrian as well as the Paleozoic period. It was then that land areas began to appear in place of the vast ocean. And for a long period, the area where the Andes are currently located was either a sea or a piece of land.
The longest ridge in the world also serves as a very large watershed between the oceans. The source of the famous one is located in Copper Mountain. Its tributaries also originate there. The Andean Cordillera serves as the beginning of many large rivers of the South American continent, which flow through Paraguay, Orinoco and the state of Parana.
Climatic conditions
If your task is concluded in the question: “Name the longest mountains in the world and the temperature zones in which they are located,” then it is worth mentioning their insulating purpose. For the mainland, the Andean Coldiriers serve as a climate barrier. The fact is that they perfectly isolate the land from the influence of the Atlantic from the west. The ridges protect the mainland from the Pacific Ocean to the east.
Considering the length of the mountain chain, it is not at all surprising that the Andes are located in more than one climate zone. These are subtropical temperate and southern tropical, equatorial, as well as southern and northern subequatorial. The mountain range stretches across all six of the above climate zones. In this regard, in different parts The chain of ridges radically differs from the existing landscape. The difference is also observed due to different amounts of precipitation. If on the western slopes this value is up to ten thousand millimeters, then on the southern slopes it is much less.
Separation by relief
If you need to answer the question: “Name the longest mountains in the world and their main components,” then you should describe the regions into which the Andean Cordillera is divided. Based on the relief, the Andes are divided into central, southern and northern. Each region has its own ranges. The Northern Andes include the Caribbean, Ecuadorian, and Northwestern Andes. The main mountains are separated by the depressions of two rivers - the Magdalena and the Cauca. In these same zones there are large number volcanoes. One of them is Wila. Its height is 5750 m. But the Ruiz volcano reached 5400 meters.
In the Ecuadorian Andes there is a whole chain of high volcanoes. The most notable giant is Chimborazo. Its highest elevation is 6267 m. Slightly lower than it is Cotopaxi (5896 m). This mountain chain passes through the territory of seven states located on the South American continent. Among them are Colombia and Ecuador, Venezuela and Bolivia, Peru and Chile, as well as Argentina. The highest point of the Andes is at 6769 m. It belongs to Mount Huascaran.
The Southern Andes are divided into Chilean-Argentine and Patagonian. Most high peak this part is Tupungato. It rises to 6800 m. A little lower is Mount Medsedario. Its height is 6770 m.
Picturesque slopes
If you are asked: “Name the longest mountains in the world and describe this unique place,” then you should talk about the extraordinary beauty of the chain of ridges. And this one mountain system Each state has its own flavor. Thus, in the Venezuelan Andes, shrubs and deciduous forests grow on red soils. The slopes from the central to the northwestern part of the mountain range boast a different landscape. They are covered with equatorial and tropical forests. Here you can find bananas and ficus trees, cocoa trees and palm trees, vines and bamboos. There are also areas of the Andean Cordillera that are covered with lifeless rocky spaces or moss swamps. And everything that is above four and a half kilometers is snow and eternal ice.
Animal world
The Andes are distinguished by a wide variety of fauna. They are home to alpacas and llamas, and here you can see the relict spectacled bear, sloths, blue foxes, chinchillas and hummingbirds. In other words, those representatives of the animal world that in Russia are found only in the zoo.
The Andes are considered to be home to more than nine hundred species of amphibians, six hundred species of mammals and two thousand species of birds. Local rivers also have a large variety of fish (about 400 species).
Ural Mountains
What are the longest mountains in Russia? Ural. This mountain system stretches between the West Siberian and East European plains. The length is almost 2000, and with Mugodzhary and Nai Khoi - 2600 km.
What are the longest width parameters? The minimum is 40 km. In some places the width of the mountain range reaches 150 km.
History of origin
The formation of the Ural ranges occurred in the late Paleozoic period. This was an era of intense mountain building. The formation of the massif itself began about three hundred and fifty million years ago. It was late Devonian. The process ended almost two hundred million years ago.
In the Ural zones, deformed and often metamorphosed rocks of the mountain type rise above the surface. They belong to the Paleozoic era.
Geographical zones
The Ural massif is conventionally divided into five parts. There are Southern and Middle. There are Northern and Subpolar, as well as Polar.
The widest part of the mountain range is the Southern Urals. Its eastern slopes are covered with forest-steppe and a large number lakes The landscape of the western side of the southern mountain range is a steppe. A little to the north it is replaced by forests.
The Middle Urals are the lowest and narrowest part of the mountain range. The mountain slopes in this area are covered with coniferous forests.
The climate in this area is characterized by a more severe climate. The mountain slopes in this area are covered with forests, in which there are many berries and mushrooms.
The highest region is the Subpolar Urals. In its central part is the Narodnaya Peak. It rises to 1894 m. A little lower than it, also in the Subpolar Urals, is Mount Karpinsky. Its height is 1876 m.
The Polar Urals are located in the tundra zone. In this area of the mountain range there is a decrease in its height and width. characterized by a harsh climate. The duration of the summer period in this area is short - only a month (from mid-July to mid-August).
Caucasus Mountains
This array is divided into two systems. These include the Greater and Lesser Caucasus. The mountain system extends between the Azov, Black and Caspian seas.
If you are asked the question: “Name the longest mountains located in the south of Russia,” then without hesitation you should name the Caucasus. Their formation was completed in the Tertiary period.
What is the length of the Greater Caucasus? It stretches for more than one thousand one hundred kilometers. This is a picturesque place, rich in diverse flora and fauna.
You can meet wild boars, chamois and golden eagles. The massif is the habitat of the rare Caucasian leopard.
“A smart person won’t go up a mountain, a smart person will go around a mountain” - this is the advice voiced by the poet Sergei Mikhalkov in his poem. But we will not listen to him and will visit the largest, most severe and most iconic mountain systems and ranges of Russia. And this will not result in any trouble for us, because our walk will be virtual and absolutely safe. So, go ahead!
What is a mountain, ridge and mountain system?
The mountainous terrain is characterized by significant absolute heights, as well as significant terrain dissection. It consists of ridges and individual peaks. Let's figure out what it is.
A mountain is a positive and sharply elevated landform with pronounced slopes, foot and peak. In my own way appearance mountains can be dome-shaped, peak-shaped or plateau-shaped.
A line of several individual mountain peaks is usually called a ridge. This is a fairly large and elongated morphostructure, reminiscent of the crest of a huge animal. The length of one ridge can be from several tens to several hundred kilometers. They can be straight or curved in shape.
The mountain system is a collection of ridges, individual peaks, massifs and intermountain depressions. Sometimes the term “mountainous country” is used in the same meaning.
So, we have figured out the main definitions of mountainous terrain. Now let's study the largest ranges of Russia. What interesting things can you tell about them?
Mountain ranges and mountain systems of Russia
Russia is a huge country. And the varied relief is partly explained by its size. Within Russia there are several dozen large mountain systems. And how many smaller ridges and individual peaks there are on its territory is impossible to accurately count.
Mountain structures and regions occupy about 30% of Russia's territory. Moreover, most of them are concentrated in the eastern and southeastern parts of the country. The highest point in Russia (Mount Elbrus, 5642 m) is located within the Caucasus mountain system.
The so-called Greater Caucasus is the largest and, in fact, the only mountainous country within the European part of Russia. The Ural Mountains stretch across the entire country, from north to south, separating the East European and West Siberian plains from each other. A whole chain of massive folded structures is located along the state border with Mongolia and China. And on far north The country is located in the old and low mountains of Byrranga.
The largest ranges in Russia: the Ural, Main Caucasian, Bokovoy, Yablonovy, Stanovoy, Verkhoyansk, Western and Eastern Sayan, Sikhote-Alin and others. We will talk about some of them below.
Mountain ranges of Russia: Ural
“Belt” - this is how the name of this mountain system can be translated from the Bashkir language. Indeed, if you look at physical card Russia, then it really looks like a belt or a long gigantic snake. This is exactly what the Ural Mountains look like.
The Russian ridge, separating Europe and Asia, stretches from north to south for almost 2,500 kilometers. Moreover, its maximum width does not exceed 150 km! The Ural mountain range is usually divided into several parts: Pai-Khoi, Polar, Northern, Middle, Southern Urals and Mugodzhar.
The Urals are old mountains, and therefore relatively low. They were formed about 300 million years ago. The highest point of the ridge is Mount Narodnaya (total 1895 m). The Ural ridge is almost completely covered with forests. Moreover, on its western slopes mainly spruce and fir grow, and on the eastern slopes - larches and pines. According to geologists, the Ural Mountains contain the entire periodic table. The development of the richest mineral resources of this region began in the 18th century.
Main Caucasus Range
The ranges of Russia differ significantly in size and height. Thus, the Main Caucasus Range is considered the highest of them. In another way it is also called Watershed.
It stretches for more than a thousand kilometers, from the shores of the Black Sea in the west to the Caspian Sea in the east. The width of the ridge ranges from 100-180 km. The most elevated is the central part of the ridge. It is here that the two most famous peaks of the Caucasus are located - Elbrus and Kazbek.
In terms of the number of glaciers and their total area, the Main Caucasus Range is not inferior to the Alps. According to glaciologists, there are at least two thousand of them here. Some Caucasian glaciers drop quite low. For example, the lower tongue of the Karaugom glacier is located at an altitude of only 1830 meters above sea level.
Sikhote-Alin
Sikhote-Alin is a folded structure of Mesozoic age with a total length of 1200 kilometers. The ridge with an exotic and slightly mysterious name is located in the Far East of Russia, within the Primorsky and Khabarovsk territories. It gained worldwide popularity in 1947, when a huge 25-ton meteorite fell here. The site of his fall still attracts the attention of scientists and researchers from all over the world.
The name Sikhote-Alin is translated from the Manchu language as “ridge of large western rivers.” And it is completely justified. The rivers flowing from this ridge to westward, much longer and deeper than the eastern ones.
The ridge is composed mainly of sandstones and shales with numerous intrusions. The latter, by the way, are associated with rich deposits of tin and polymetals. The peaks of Sikhote-Alin, as a rule, have clear contours and are covered with kurums - coarse stone placers.
