We install a video intercom in a private house with our own hands. Connecting an intercom with your own hands in an apartment - reliably and quickly Installing an intercom yourself

Many people who have private houses or summer cottages are increasingly beginning to think about a convenient security system and access control to their territory. The simplest and affordable option today there is an individual intercom that can be easily installed on our own without the involvement of specialists. To do this, you just need to strictly follow the manufacturer's instructions. If you have such a device, you can completely protect yourself from the visit of uninvited guests.

Why is it necessary to install an intercom in a private house?

The main task that an intercom should perform is to ensure the safety of home owners and protect them from unauthorized visitors. It is very important to have an audio or video intercom if there are elderly people living in the house or if there are small children who most need the maximum degree of protection. The presence of an intercom will help protect people from danger that may arise due to excessive carelessness.

Installing a video intercom in a private house helps ensure the safety of residents due to full control over the area in front of the gate

Thanks to the intercom, you don’t have to leave the house and walk across the entire yard to the gate in order to see who has arrived, since you can communicate with the visitor via audio or video communication and, if necessary, let him through by pressing a button on your device.

But before purchasing such a device, you need to decide exactly for what purposes it will be used and how much you are willing to spend on your safety. That is why every person should know what types of intercoms currently exist, what functions they perform, what types of locks exist for these devices and how much all this equipment costs. It is also very important to know whether, if necessary, you can install an intercom in a private house with your own hands.

Types of intercoms and standard connection diagrams

According to their own design features Intercoms differ in the type of signal they transmit. Devices can transmit a signal from the call panel to the main unit via audio or video:

Often audio intercoms are installed in entrances multi-storey buildings, where they mainly play a warning function. A video intercom is more useful for private houses, since in a high-rise building it is installed only near the apartment door and is not intended for public use.

In a private household, a video intercom will play a big role, since the owner can not only hear, but also see the visitor and, if necessary, not allow him into his territory.

Modern intercoms, in addition to the basic elements (ringing device, locking lock, telephone handset and power supply), can be equipped with additional functionality:

• answering machine. If the owner is not at home, then thanks to this function he will be able to listen to the recordings left by people who came, and even receive them on his mobile phone;
• motion sensor. This device detects a visitor who is within its coverage area. When a person appears near the device, his image is instantly transmitted to the monitor of the TV connected to the intercom;
• memory block. Thanks to this function, the visitor's image is recorded on special device from the moment the call button on the intercom was pressed. As the memory becomes full, old entries are erased and replaced with new ones.

At the request of the home owner, the intercom can be equipped with an unlimited number of monitors and additional CCTV cameras.

Basically, all intercoms are connected to calling panels using wires. There are also wireless devices, but their range is quite limited. Today there are three standard schemes wired intercom connection:

Home intercom device

Video intercoms are very popular among private home owners. Therefore, we will look at their device in more detail.

The outdoor unit, which is mounted at the entrance to the house, is equipped with a video camera and a call button. There is also a negotiation device here, which allows you to communicate with the owners if video communication is not enough. The video camera can transmit black and white or color images.

From the call panel you can call the monitor and talk with the owners, who will see the visitor on the screen

Depending on the installation method, call devices can be mortise or overhead:

• mortise panels are more expensive, but they are better protected from burglary and various climatic conditions;
• overhead blocks are available in durable plastic cases, however, they still wear out more and are subject to various mechanical damages. For such panels, domestic manufacturers offer durable protective linings that protect the device from damage.

Indoor unit (monitor)

The indoor unit is a black-and-white or color monitor, depending on the model. Black and white monitors are already a thing of the past and are practically no longer produced. Color models are equipped with a screen with a diagonal size of 10 cm and a handset or speakerphone button for answering calls. The monitor also has a button for opening the lock, keys for additional functions, and buttons or knobs for adjusting the sound and picture.

Most modern video intercoms have a speakerphone button instead of a handset

Types of intercom locks

You can connect an electromagnetic or electromechanical lock. Both options work from the network, so we will look at the principle of their operation and characteristics.

The electromechanical lock is modern locking device for an intercom, which opens with one press of a button or a special key. It operates on 12V, so it requires a step-down transformer.

Advantages of the castle

1. Allows you to open a gate or door at a certain distance (when connected to an intercom).
2. Can work even in the absence of electricity (without the possibility of remote control).
3. Produced with high level privacy and security.
4. It can be equipped with a motor that is powered by a small electric motor.
5. It has an electric latch that opens by turning the handle.

When choosing such a lock for outdoor use, you must keep in mind that on its front side there is a button that you can reach with your hand, leaning over the fence, and open the gate. A street lock with electromechanics can be mortise or overhead.

You also need to know that in the event of a power outage, only the overhead version of the lock will be able to work.

Before purchasing such a lock, you need to find out for what type door leaf does it fit and what is the principle of its operation. Experts recommend Polis or Fass Lock brand locks for a private home.

The electromechanical lock has a manual opening button, so intruders can enter unnoticed by leaning over the gate or reaching the button through cracks in the door leaf

An electromagnetic lock is designed to close a door or gate and keeps it closed by means of a powerful electromagnetic board that attracts a steel plate mounted on the door or gate. The electromagnet is mounted on door frame or piping the gate, and the steel plate is attached to the door or gate itself.

In closing mode, a current is supplied to the magnet winding, which creates a powerful electromagnetic field that quickly attracts the steel plate. As a result, the gate, held by the magnet, is in a closed state. In order for it to open, the tension must be removed from the lock. This is done by pressing a button on the intercom: the circuit opens, the electromagnetic field disappears and the gate opens.

The electromagnetic lock only works when voltage is applied to it, so if your power suddenly goes out, the gate may remain open

According to their design, locks can be pull-off or shear, as well as overhead and mortise.

The most popular are overhead models that work on tear-off. Due to the fact that such locks do not contain moving or rubbing elements, they last for many years and can work in any weather conditions.

But if the power supply suddenly stops, the lock will stop working and the door will remain open. To prevent such situations, you will have to install an uninterruptible power supply system.

Electromagnetic locks vary in the strength with which they hold front door. This value is set in kilograms and should be much greater than the mass of the wicket. For medium-sized gates, a lock with a holding capacity of 300–400 kg is sufficient.

How to install and connect a video intercom yourself

In order to begin installing the intercom, we will need the following tools:

1. Sharp knife.
2. Powerful hammer drill and drills.
3. Electric screwdriver.
4. A spatula and a peak or a wall chaser for creating grooves in the walls.
5. Grinder and discs for cutting metal.
6. Various screwdrivers.
7. Convenient pliers.
8. Nice hammer.
9. Spatula and kneading utensils.

In addition, you need to prepare:

1. Power cable (length is calculated individually).
2. UTP cable (twisted pair).
3. Several outlets.
4. Automatic switch.
5. Self-tapping screws and dowel-nails.
6. Electrical tape, protective clothing.
7. Corrugated pipe for wires (straight can be used).
8. Cable channels.
9. Putty mixture for sealing grooves.
10. Drills of different diameters.
11. Perforated tape and hardware.

Step-by-step installation diagram for a video intercom with an electromechanical lock

1. We choose a convenient and accessible place on the wicket or gate to place the calling panel. We disassemble the panel and mark its installation location. We drill holes for fasteners and wires.

   

   The calling panel can be installed at an angle to the surface of the gate, for which a special adapter is included in the kit

2. We run a four-wire wire from the end side and connect it as indicated in the instructions.
3. We lead the cable to the installation site of the controller, which is a plastic box located near the lock. This way we will have to run fewer wires and it will be more convenient to make connections. The controller can be installed in a panel on the street or walled into a wall.

   

   The lock controller is a small printed circuit board, which can be mounted in plastic box next to the castle or walled up in the wall

4. We install a reader next to the calling panel, and an exit button on the back side of the gate. We connect the wires (two wires) from each device to the controller and connect them to the appropriate connectors (DALLAS and “EXTERNAL SD” for the controller and “BUTTON” for the exit button). We connect the wires from the calling panel parallel to the exit button.
5. We check the correctness of all connections. We unscrew the call panel and screw its back wall with self-tapping screws to the installation site. Let's put it back together.
6. Next, we go into the house and install the monitor. We attach the bracket included in the delivery kit to the dowels. There should be a 220V outlet nearby. If it is not there, you will have to run the power wire from the electrical panel. Then it is better to connect the equipment to a separate machine and sign it. This will make it much easier to deal with the wires in the future. After this, we hang the monitor on the bracket.
   

   

   The video intercom monitor is hung on a bracket, which is attached to the wall with self-tapping screws

Install the power supply. It must supply voltage to the lock and all devices located on the gate. It is best to use an outdoor device and mount it next to the lock. For electromechanical locks you need a 12 V and 3 A power supply; for an electromagnetic locking device, a 12 V and 1 A source is sufficient.



It is better to power the lock, controller and other components of the access control system from a source located nearby

We lay the cable. Wires running along the street are run underground in special engineering tubes made of plastic or metal. In total, you need to lay one four-wire cable to connect the monitor and the calling device and one two-wire cable to supply voltage 220 V. But since the cables will go underground, it is better to lay them with a reserve, taking into account the appearance in the future of new elements of the system: additional video cameras, gate control devices, security sensors etc.



For underground installation, cables are pulled into corrugated hoses and laid in a dug trench in plastic or metal pipes

7. We do wiring in the house. It can be either open or recessed into the walls. But to lay the wire hidden, we will have to ditch the walls and then cover them with putty and alabaster. It is best to do preliminary closed wiring for the intercom when the house is just being built or renovated. If there are no embedded cables, but you don’t want to spoil the wallpaper or paint, choose open type wiring. To do this, we lay cables along the walls outside, running them into plastic cable channels.
8. We connect a four-wire cable to the intercom according to the following diagram:
   • yellow - audio channel;
   • black - general;
   • red - 12 volts (“plus”);
   • white - video image.
9. We install a lock on the gate. The surface of the counter plate must be installed without distortions, otherwise the lock will not fit tightly to it and close. Since the lock operates using a relay, a common wire is connected to it, and the positive contact is connected to the controller (terminal “+12 V”). All work must be carried out with the power turned off.

   

   The electromechanical lock has a tongue that must fit tightly into the strike plate

10. We program the keys. In order for the owners to enter the house, they need to be provided with access keys. Information about each identifier is recorded in the controller's memory. When turned on for the first time, it will respond with infrequent signals of sound and light. First you need to create a master key using a special procedure described in the instructions. Then, one by one, we bring each subscriber key to the reader and wait for the confirmation signal. In this way, we record the required number of identifiers into memory, making sure that the time between records is no more than 16 seconds.
    

    

    After programming, information about the access code from each key is recorded in the controller’s memory, and the device is allowed to pass

11. We check the operation of the intercom. To do this, we make a call from the panel - the monitor must give a signal. We pick up the phone, talk to check the volume and sound quality, and also try to open the gate. If all actions were successful, it means that we installed the intercom correctly and you can use it. Difficulties usually arise with the installation of the lock and controller. Therefore, when problems are detected, the first thing you need to do is carefully check that all connections to this device are correct.

Video: how to install an intercom with your own hands

Device and features of connecting a video intercom

To connect a video intercom you will need a cable with four cores. You can purchase a special wire in the store, where two copper wires are located next to a two-core coaxial wire. It's called a video combo cable. Typically, cable brand KVK-P 2x0.75 is used.

The video intercom is connected to the calling panel using a combined video cable, which has one shielded core

Two more wires are added to the lock, which will allow you to control its mechanism without leaving your home. The call panel is usually screwed at a height of 150 cm from the ground.

If we install a wireless intercom, there is no need to lay and connect a cable. You just need to supply the power correctly.

Video intercom Quantum QM-4HP

Many people prefer to install a convenient, practical and reliable Quantum QM-4HP video intercom in their private home.

Quantum QM-4HP is one of the most popular models among private home owners

Its main characteristics:

• four-inch (approximately 10 cm diagonally) CRT monitor;
• parallel operation of up to 4 monitors in one system;
• door open button;
• connection of one calling panel;
• installing a video memory unit;
• connecting an additional audio tube.

Connection diagram for video intercom Quantum QM-4HP

The video intercom is connected using a standard four-wire circuit, which we described above. Therefore, this model can be used to install an access control system in a private house according to the step-by-step instructions we provided.

Quantum QM-4HP video intercom can be used with an additional video camera and a memory unit for 32 frames

In order to install the intercom correctly, you must strictly follow all the manufacturer’s recommendations and understand the intricacies of installation electrical wires and devices. If you do everything according to the instructions, you won’t have to involve specialists and spend additional funds to install this device. And in the end, you will get an excellent intercom with an audio or video system, which will make your life in a private home much easier.

Intercom - already required device for the homeowner in apartment building. It minimizes the access of strangers to the entrance: tubes equipped with audio and, in many houses, video communications allow you to quickly identify the person on the other side of the door. Many people are interested in whether it is possible to connect an intercom in an apartment on their own. Of course, if you understand at least the basics of electrical engineering. And we, in turn, will bring for you detailed instructions, which will help you easily cope with this matter.

About the design of the intercom

Before connecting an intercom in an apartment building yourself, let’s look at the design of the device. This access device with intercom functions (audio and video communication) has become popular in the last decade, taking the place of less convenient combination locks that previously protected some of our entrances. Intercom systems are most often installed by specialized companies for the entire entrance. They subsequently maintain the system.

The most popular manufacturers of intercoms today are Vizit, Commax, Falcon Eye, etc.

In the diagram above you saw the main components of the intercom system. Before connecting the intercom yourself, let’s refresh our memory of their functions:

• Tube. It is installed in the apartment so that the tenant can answer the call and open the door for the guest. This subscriber element must be connected to a common locking system.
• Call panel. This is what we see next to the entrance door - a key code reader, keys for dialing an apartment number or code, an auxiliary screen.
• Lock (locking device). Today, electromagnetic variations are the most popular. Although with proper application of physical force it is still possible to open them without a key, they are considered the most reliable. Previously, there was a popular option with a regular metal valve, which was opened by an electric motor.
• Switch module. This element of the system is responsible for transmitting a signal from the calling panel to a specific resident.
• System power supply.
• Exit button and so on.

In the video intercom system, an element such as a video camera appears at the calling panel. The image is transmitted by a microcomputer.

Types of intercoms

Before you connect the intercom yourself, you need to decide on the type that suits you best:

• Digital. The guest's call is transmitted over a two-wire line, where the apartment number is recognized. Pairing here is the work of jumpers that transmit a signal to a specific handset over a twisted network. Each of the latter is equipped with microcircuits for such an operation. All apartments, not only the entrance, but also the floor are connected to this controller.

• Coordinate matrix. A simpler option, which is why it is considered more reliable. Here a switch is connected to the coordinator, and when a call is made, it transmits a signal to a specific handset. The connection itself is wires of units and tens. From here, each apartment is defined by two cables, the numbers of which, naturally, cannot be repeated. To establish communication, a signal via DAT1 is required. Then the information is converted and processed by the modulator, after which it is connected to a specific one and ten. The connection to the apartment via LIN occurs due to the operation of an electromagnetic relay.

Safety precautions

Before connecting the intercom yourself, remember the most important rules safety precautions:

• Turn off the power supply at the main electrical switch before working on electrical wiring.
• Use high-quality licensed products and components.
• Do not install the transformer outdoors or in a damp room.

Wire selection

Begin self-installation We advise you to choose a wire for an intercom - focus on its required length:

• For audio device:
  • Up to 50 m - 6/10.
  • More than 50 m - 1.5 mm.
• For video device:
  • Up to 25 m - 6/10.
  • More than 25 m - 1.5 mm or maximum cable.

Electrical protection and wiring

We continue to talk about how to connect the intercom handset yourself. The connection itself is only possible to an electrical network protected by a 16 A circuit breaker or a 10 A fuse. To ensure the safety of residents, a 30 mA residual current device is also installed.

Two types of power supply are used for the intercom device:

1. The transformer is located separately from the intercom, connected both to it and to the network.
2. The tube is integrated with a transformer, and using power wire connects to the outlet.

One of the important topics regarding how to connect an entrance intercom yourself is wiring. Make sure that it fits only in corrugated pipes. Therefore, you need to accurately measure the distance from the outer panel to the speaking tube in order to lay the pipes to the required length. The free ends of the wires should protrude approximately 20 cm from them.

Installation of a street panel

How to connect an intercom yourself? The next item is the installation of an outdoor external panel:

1. The approximate height of the element from the ground is 1.6 m.
2. For overhead panels on the door or wall, the locations of the mounting dowels are marked, then holes are drilled according to the marks and the device is attached.
3. For built-in options, lines are drawn for the groove, and the position of the built-in box is noted.
4. Using a chisel, cut through the groove, taking into account the thickness of both the built-in element and the corrugated pipe.
5. Install and secure the recessed box with cement.
6. Then place the corrugated tube in the hole. If necessary, secure its position with nails.
7. Carefully putty the fine with the pipe, simultaneously pulling out the nails holding the last one.
8. Now cut to required length wires from the pipe, connect them to street panel.
9. The action ends by fixing the street panel in the built-in box.

Installing the Internal Device

If you don’t always have to install an external device (this can be done by the company that supervises the intercom at your entrance), then you will have to do the installation of the handset if you want to take matters into your own hands. Here is an approximate algorithm of actions:

1. The approximate recommended location of the tube is 1.5 m from the floor.
2. Next, you need to determine on the wall where to lay the corrugated pipes from the external access element. If the transformer is built into the tube, then there is only one path, if not, then two - to the intercom and, in fact, to the transformer.
3. Again, you make fines with a chisel along the thickness of the corrugated pipe.
4. The next step is to place the pipe in the groove and further cement it or putty it.
5. Mark the exact location of the tube, drill holes for the dowels that will hold it.
6. Attach the handset stand.
7. From the corrugated pipe, connect the necessary wires to the tube.
8. Install the intercom on the mounting brackets and secure it with screws.
9. The transformer (if it is not built-in) is installed in a protected place (for example, a distribution panel) and connected to common system wires strictly according to the diagram. It can only be connected to a network protected by a fuse!

Video intercom installation

We figured out how to connect a digital intercom yourself. Its variety is a video intercom, connected according to a similar scheme. But before installation, please consider the following:

• The video camera should not be installed against sunlight or powerful lighting.
• The video eye must be protected from vibrations and mechanical damage.
• The camera must be protected from rain and not exposed to high temperatures (more than 40 degrees).

Independent installation of an intercom is the prerogative of people who have dealt with electricians more than once. If you are doing this for the first time, we advise you to carry out the work under the guidance of an experienced friend, since all descriptive instructions are of a general, advisory nature and do not prevent specific problems during installation.

Video intercoms allow you to feel relatively safe, as they allow you to see in advance who exactly came to you. However, there are quite a lot on the market various models, so it can be difficult for a beginner to figure out the optimal model for installation in private house. This article contains detailed description models and recommendations for choosing the best one.

It is quite possible to connect an intercom with your own hands in a private house, since all models have a similar operating principle. The doors are opened using a special key or key fob, which must be attached to the reader. As for guests, in order for the door to open, they must dial the number of the required apartment on the keypad. When connecting an intercom in a private house, you do not need to dial the apartment number. IN in this case There is only a call button.

The signal from the call unit is sent to the controller, and the reader or video camera transmits the broadcast to the monitor, which is located inside the house. Thus, the owner sees who has arrived and, by picking up the handset with the door opening button, can let the guest in.

When the device is in standby mode, the monitor is on and the lock is locked. By picking up the phone, you can conduct a dialogue with the guest. The lock opens only when you press the corresponding button.

Types of intercoms

There are two types of video intercoms:

• Analog.
• Digital.

In turn, ip intercoms for a private house there may be

• wired,
• wireless.

In the latter case, the Wi-Fi signal is used. There are many requirements for technology and access point for the system to work stably.

Wireless intercom Ideal for a private home if there are no obstacles. Otherwise, the signal may be unstable, resulting in the system not working correctly.

Analog models capable of handling basic tasks, but the image quality is not very good. There are also various interferences. To get the best picture even at a relatively long distance, it is recommended to choose a digital street intercom for a private home.

What is included in the intercom system kit

It is most profitable to buy an intercom for a private home as a set, since there is incompatibility between different brands. Here are the main components that should be present in any system:

• monitor video intercom;
• calling panel with a built-in video camera (sometimes an outdoor panel and a video surveillance camera connected to this system are installed);
• controlled electromagnetic lock;
• cable, connectors, PW screws and more.

If you are using a wireless system, you will need equipment that supports Wi-Fi signal and an access point. For an intercom in a private home, the price may vary, depending on the brand and the availability of additional functions. These include:

• face recognition, thanks to which the door will open automatically,
• license plate recognition for opening a garage door,
• voice control and much more.

All these functions are available using professional software.

What to look for when choosing an intercom

Intercoms with video surveillance for a private home must be selected by characteristics, and not by price. Cost varies from 5 thousand rubles to several tens. The simplest one is analog, which only has the function of opening doors. The image quality is 420 TV lines. In terms of pixels, this is less than 0.1 megapixels. If you only need the door opening function, then it is quite suitable. The intercom circuit in a private house will depend on where its components are planned to be placed. The farther they are from each other, the more money you will have to spend on cable.

If the camera is located high, then you should pay attention to IP models. They allow you to view the guest from a great distance. In addition, they are the ones who have additional functions, which are opened with the purchase of professional software. You shouldn’t chase megapixels: a 1-2 megapixel camera will be quite enough.

Intercoms with video surveillance for a private home must be selected by characteristics, and not by price.

Calling panels are also different:

• street,
• internal,
• anti-vandal.

If an intercom is attached to the gate of a private house, then it is better to buy an outdoor one anti-vandal. He has:

• water protection,
• dust protection,
• protection against hypothermia,
• it will be difficult to break.

To accurately select optimal model, you should trust the professionals. It is better to describe the terms of reference to the installers and indicate the budget. They'll pick everything up necessary equipment and will offer the most affordable prices.

Sequence of work during installation

Everything happens standardly and in a certain sequence. To correctly install an intercom with a lock for a private home, you must adhere to this algorithm:

• installation of calling panel. To do this, you will need to select a location and disassemble the panel. Next, holes are drilled to which it will be attached. The wire is inserted from the reverse side, and all connections are placed in the mounting box so that moisture does not get on them. When the work is completed, you need to return the cover to its place.
• Installation of the handset happens in the house. It is attached in the same way as the calling panel. There should be an outlet next to it 220V for plant supply.
• Connection power supply.
• Pad cable and sealing.
• Programming keys.
• Examination systems for operability.

If it is dark around the house at night, it is also recommended to install a floodlight so that guests can be seen at night. Most models allow recording to the built-in memory. To keep the archive longer, you can set motion detection recording. However this function Not available on all video intercoms.

Prices for devices and installation

Today, pricing takes into account:

• what brand,
• how many years is the warranty,
• what functions are supported,
• what volume of production is needed.

Wholesalers are provided with more attractive terms of cooperation. You can buy an intercom for a private home with an electromechanical lock at a retail price from 3000 rubles. Installation and configuration will cost, depending on the organization, from 1500 rubles.

Additionally you may need:

• professional software for connecting advanced functions,
• visor for calling panel,
• memory card,
• case adapter.

All this can be purchased from specialists when ordering installation of an intercom in a private house.

Popular models

• Falcon eye. This company claims to be a manufacturer, but in fact it imports goods from China. However, they have excellent software and are fully adapted to work in Russian conditions. The prices are reasonable, there are no problems with quality. The company also offers video surveillance systems, access control systems and other products. There are quite a lot of reviews about this organization on the Internet. Mostly positive. She has gained confidence over many years of work in the market. Negative reviews are due to the fact that the equipment did not work for various reasons. In case of problems, the company makes a replacement or warranty repair.
• Tantos is another popular brand in Russia that is different high quality and a wide range of products. Works best with Line and Trassir software, but variations are possible. Price segment designed for clients with above-average income. There are practically no negative reviews on the Internet.
• HikVision. China's largest security system manufacturer that sells its products worldwide. Its products are reliable and stable. Standard software is well designed, so you often don't have to buy professional software. Prices are average or slightly below average.
• CYFRAL. This company specializes in selling intercoms, so you can really trust it.
• Kenwei. This company produces budget models that can work stably for several years. However, the defect rate is higher than that of many competitors.

Only you can decide which model to choose. However, experts recommend looking specifically at the required functionality. To save money, it is better to place an order through an installation company, since purchasing it yourself from a supplier or manufacturer may be more expensive, since they are focused specifically on wholesale customers.

If you plan to install the system yourself, then it’s worth looking at how to install an intercom in a private house.

An intercom is a convenient and practical element of access control to a room.

It is not surprising that they are increasingly being installed not only in entrances apartment buildings, but also in private mansions or even dachas.

To access a high-rise building, you need a multi-subscriber device. And for a private home it is better to choose a low-subscription one. Its kit contains a calling panel with one or two buttons and one or two internal units.

There are audio intercoms and video intercoms. The first ones are equipped with speakers and microphones, they allow you to hear and talk with the visitor. Video intercoms also make it possible to see him in order to finally decide whether to let him in or not.

Video intercoms come with monochrome and color images. Although the first ones are already considered obsolete, many still choose them because black and white are cheaper, and the picture is more contrasting and clearer. Especially at dusk and at night.

In the vast majority of cases, an analog signal is used to transmit data. However, in subsequent years, more and more IP intercoms began to appear, which transmit a digital signal using standard packet data transmission. Signal transmission can be carried out by wire or “over the air” (radio communication).

Read the article on how to choose. In continuation, we advise you on which video intercom to choose for a private home?

Installation

It is quite easy to connect an intercom for a private home with your own hands, if you have an idea of ​​the principles of operation of the device and its component parts.

The set of a popular video intercom with analogue communication includes two main components - an external calling panel and an internal remote control.

The first one is installed outside, next to front door or a gate - where the bell used to be placed.

The indoor remote control is installed in the house, in a convenient place.

Additional components can include another video camera, an electric lock on the door, or a DEC tube. The presence of these devices does not make the circuit much more complicated, since they are all connected to the internal remote control.

Installing an intercom in a private house consists of the following steps:

1. Cabling.
2. Installation of the external panel.
3. Installation of the internal panel.
4. Connection, configuration, connection of additional peripherals.

It is most convenient to lay the cable with your own hands at the stage of construction or repair, before the work is carried out finishing work. If you have to put them in already finished house, then you can use special cable channels or ditch the walls and then seal them.

The cable is usually not included in the package and must be purchased separately. For a regular video intercom you will need a four-wire shielded copper cord.

Some stores sell special wires, where two ordinary copper conductors are adjacent to a two-core coaxial cable - this is more suitable option, because the coaxial circuit provides additional protection against interference. If an intercom for a private home allows you to connect an electric lock, then it would be reasonable to add two more wires that will control the locking mechanism from the house.

The external calling panel is usually installed with your own hands when the finishing work is completed. Panels can be mortise or overhead. For mortise ones you need a niche in the wall, overhead ones are attached to a flat surface.

To attach the panel, you need to disassemble it (remove the cover), mark locations on the wall for mounting screws or bolts, drill holes, and screw the panel.

The interior remote control kit includes fastening elements. You need to attach them to the wall in a place convenient for you and then install the main unit. It is recommended both external and inner panel install at a height of about 150 cm so that it is located slightly below eye level. In this case, use will be most comfortable.

The most crucial moment is connection. There's really nothing wrong with it. The main thing: do not mix up the wires. The sockets on the panels are marked, “audio” needs to be connected to “audio”, “video” to “video”, etc.

One important point- if a coaxial cable is used, then it is preferable to use its core for transmitting the video signal, and the braid for the general cable (ground, GND). This scheme will ensure maximum sound and video quality.

The switching topology will look approximately like the illustration.

If you are installing a wireless device, then there is usually no need to lay a cable and connect it, you only need to supply power.

The connection diagram for an IP intercom differs in that it may not include an internal remote control at all, and instead you can use a TV, computer or communicator. Or you can connect several devices at once with your own hands using a simple network switch or router.

For switching, a standard eight-wire UTP, FTP or STP cable (“twisted pair”) and 8P8C connectors (commonly called RJ45) are used.

Cost of devices and installation services

The market offers a wide selection of models at different price levels, with different sets of additional devices.

If there is no desire or opportunity to make the connection yourself, then you will need to pay from 9-12 thousand rubles for the services of specialists.

Installing an intercom in a private house - great way make life easier for yourself and your guests, make your home safer and more comfortable. And if you know how to lay the cable with your own hands and screw in the screws, you can spend a very modest amount.

However, if you want to have a modern smart home, where the intercom is integrated into local network where you can chat with a visitor from literally every room, it is wiser to choose a more expensive one, but modern model with IP data transfer protocol.

You can purchase the most basic set and then expand it electric lock, another camera and other peripheral devices.

It is worth paying attention to additional functions:

• IR illumination for night observation;
• GSM module for transmitting messages to the owner’s phone;

Installing an intercom in a private home is an excellent solution to ensuring your own security. Today, many companies provide this service, however, you can install an intercom yourself.

Preparation for installation

To perform this work, you need to prepare tools for installation:

• hammer drill with a set of drills;
• screwdriver;
• a spatula and a peak for wall grooves or a wall chaser;
• Angle grinder with a metal disc;
• screwdriver set;
• pliers and side cutters;
• hammer;
• spatula and mixing container;
• wire stripping tools.

This does not mean that all of the above tools will necessarily come in handy. Their set may vary depending on the chosen method and location of installation of a particular element. The most interesting thing is even when you have full car tools you will definitely need something that you forgot, gave to a friend or broke yesterday.

Then we prepare materials and equipment. The recommended set of equipment is indicated in the article. Although I recommend reading articles about electromagnetic and electromechanical locks. The list of materials depends on the installation location of the equipment and the method of cable installation. The following materials are purchased as standard:

• wire for power supply;
• UTP wire (twisted pair);
• sockets and plugs;
• circuit breaker for all equipment;
• a set of self-tapping screws, a fastening set of dowel-nails;
• electrical tape, safety glasses and gloves;
• corrugated or straight electrical pipe;
• cable channels;
• putty, alabaster;
• drills, metal discs;
• punched paper tape, hardware;

The list of materials can be continued, but I repeat: it is prepared depending on the preferences of the customer, the installation location of the intercom in a private house and is formed after calculating the lengths of the routes.

Installation of calling panel

Installation and connection of the intercom handset

The next step is installing the tube. It can be installed in any convenient place in the house. The holder is also attached to dowels. There must be a standard 220V socket near the place where the tube is installed, or we supply power from the panel. To do this, we connect all the equipment to a separate machine and sign it. This is more convenient and practical, although more difficult to install.

You can buy it, or we can connect a video camera to the system via a controller. It will only record arriving guests at the moment the call button is pressed. Of course, the video camera can be configured for other modes: constant cyclic recording, motion-based recording, recording on a DVR, as they say: who pays the call. Additionally, for night shooting, you can install a CCTV camera, and add a monitor to the handset.

Connecting the power supply

The power supply is included in the electrical system of the house and all wires pass through it. As a rule, this unit is included in the kit, so its power is specifically designed for a specific intercom. If the power supply is purchased separately, you need to carefully study everything technical specifications calling panel and handset, so that the power supply matches them in power and the installed intercom works without failures.

We need to feed following devices: controller, monitor, if there are video cameras. If the set consists only of an intercom and an audio handset, then the power supply and socket are placed next to the controller, otherwise, it is more advisable to connect the power supply: Where do you think? — That's right, in the electrical panel. And then we need not one from the kit (since there are already three or more of them), but another one, sufficient for all devices at once. The total load is calculated, a tolerance is added, rounded to big side and buy a power supply for our system.

Cable routing and sealing

When the installation of all intercom elements is completed, the most important process begins - laying the cable and connecting all the currently scattered parts. If you didn’t guess, then the intercom, or rather all elements of the system, is controlled in the controller (models JSB-CL002, Z-5R, VIZIT are on sale , and other companies). It also stores all data about the keys in memory. It turns out that this is the brain of the system. Therefore, all wires are connected to it. It is only supplied with power and supported by all means (batteries are installed). The intercom connection diagram is standard.

There are two ways to lay wires: open and closed. Closed method better suited for that part of the wires that run along the street. They are released underground in plastic or metal pipes to avoid premature deterioration. Both open and closed wiring of wires is possible indoors. However, for a closed one you will need to ditch the walls and then seal them with alabaster and putty. It is much easier to lay cables externally by running them through corrugated pipes or cable channels.

The intercom is connected to a four-wire cable. The wires of this cable are numbered and each have their own purpose. So, the yellow cable number 1 is responsible for the audio channel and is connected to the corresponding contact number 1 on the handset or on the monitor. The black cable is responsible for the general connection of the intercom and is connected to pin No. 2. The purpose of the red wire signal is +12V, it comes from the lock and connects to pin No. 3. The white wire is a video channel, it is connected to pin on the monitor No. 4.

To seal holes, joints, seams, you can use polyurethane foam, putty or alabaster.

Key programming

In order for the intercom to work, it must also be programmed and the keys stored in memory. There are keys different types and types. But there must always be one master key. It is programmed first. In other words, the first key programmed will be the master key. Store it separately and do not use it.

When turned on for the first time, the calling panel will respond with short sound and light signals. In order to write the master key into the intercom memory, you need to touch the contact reader with it. In the future, it will be he who will provide access to programming or reprogramming the intercom and keys. The cessation of signals will mean that the key has been written to memory. Thus, you can record several keys, however, the interval between their records should not exceed 16 seconds. Simple and blocking keys are added to the system in the same way as a master key.

Intercom connection methods

Various methods and intercom connection diagrams are discussed in this video, quite clearly and understandably.

Functionality check

To check the operation of the intercom, you need to make a call from the panel, the monitor or handset must play a signal. Then you need to pick up the phone, talk into it, check the sound quality and open the gate. If all the manipulations performed gave a positive result, it means that the installation of the intercom in a private house was successful, and the intercom is ready for use. If something doesn’t fit somewhere, modify it. Usually, difficulties arise with the lock, closer and door. The lock may not close the door due to an unadjusted closer that does not press the door.