Capitals of all European countries. European states and their capitals by number, area and development

Europe is a region with a unique history. Geographical location European countries more than successful. Before listing the list of European countries and their capitals, we will describe the European territory as a whole. Most states are in favorable climatic zone and have a favorable geopolitical position. Almost all European powers have access to the sea.

Here is a list of European countries and their capitals. And let's add brief descriptions. What makes these powers unique and interesting?

Western Europe

1. Austria - Vienna: Sigmund Freud lived and worked in this city throughout his career.
2. Belgium - Brussels: The airport of the capital of Belgium is the largest chocolate selling point in the world.
3. UK - London: it is the only city in the world where Olympic Games passed three times.
4. Germany - Berlin: only in this city in the world there are three opera houses.
5. Ireland - Dublin: Dublin is home to the world's oldest maternity hospital.
6. Liechtenstein - Vaduz: despite its status as the capital, less than 6,000 people live there.
7. Luxembourg - Luxembourg: It is the second richest country in the world after Qatar.
8. Monaco - Monaco: Monaco borders France on all sides and is actually a city-state.
9. Netherlands - Amsterdam: There is not a single free parking in all of Amsterdam.
10. France - Paris: there is only one stop sign in the French capital.
11. Switzerland - Bern: the main language of the capital is not Swedish at all, but German.

East Europe

1. Belarus - Minsk: the capital of Belarus is older than Moscow and has burned to the ground 18 times in its history.
2. Bulgaria - Sofia: an almost single-ethnic city, 95% of ethnic Bulgarians live there.
3. Hungary - Budapest: in the center is the largest synagogue in Europe, it can accommodate 3,000 visitors.
4. Moldova - Chisinau: there was a time when the country did not have a president for 3 years.
5. Poland - Warsaw: there is not a single circus in the capital of Poland, and the number of theaters exceeds the number of cinemas.
6. Romania - Bucharest: Unofficially proclaimed the capital of stray dogs, there are more of them here than in all of Europe.
7. Slovakia - Bratislava: the city is famous for its most expensive hotel, which was designed by the same person who was involved in the Titanic project - Thomas Andrews.
8. Ukraine - Kyiv: here is the widest and shortest central street in Europe - Khreshchatyk.
9. Czech Republic - Prague: Faust's House is located on one of the streets of the city.

Northern Europe

Consider a list of European countries with capitals.

1. Denmark - Copenhagen: there is still a profession of chimney sweep here.
2. Iceland - Reykjavik: there are no ants or mosquitoes in this country.
3. Norway - Oslo: the most expensive city to live in the world.
4. Latvia - Riga: Riga airport is the largest in the Baltics.
5. Lithuania - Vilnius: 93% of Lithuanians own real estate.
6. Finland - Helsinki: tap water in Helsinki comes directly from mountain springs.
7. Sweden - Stockholm: 95% of Swedes own English.
8. Estonia - Tallinn: Estonians themselves write the name of their capital with two "l" and two "n".

It remains to consider the countries southern Europe and their capitals, the list is also presented in alphabetical order.

1. Albania - Tirana: a country that declared itself the first atheist state.
2. Andorra - Andorra la Vella: there is no army here, the population is protected by the troops of Spain and France.
3. Bosnia and Herzegovina - Sarajevo: first the country gained independence and only then, three years later, a constitution appeared in it.
4. Vatican City - Vatican City: a well-known fact - it is the smallest state in the world, its area is only 0.44 sq. km.
5. Greece - Athens: the first Olympic Games were held in the capital of Greece.
6. Spain - Madrid: the capital is located exactly in the geographical center of the country.
7. Italy - Rome: the city is one of the most beautiful in Europe, and the famous Colosseum is one of the seven wonders of the world.
8. Macedonia - Skopje: The famous Mother Teresa was from Skopje, and the city has a museum dedicated to her.
9. Malta - Valletta: Home to an endemic species of bees, the country's name means "honey" in Russian.
10. Portugal - Lisbon: The country has a population of 11 million, and Portuguese is spoken by 232 million people in the world.
11. San Marino - San Marino: There are no customs controls at the entrance to San Marino.
12. Serbia - Belgrade: national pride - Nikola Tesla.
13. Slovenia - Ljubljana: the capital was designed in the shape of a star.
14. Croatia - Zagreb: The capital of Croatia has the safest passenger transportation system.
15. Montenegro - Podgorica: Montenegrins are considered the highest nation in Europe.

This list of European countries and their capitals for the southern part is the most numerous. Mainly due to the presence of small but interesting and original countries.

So, we not only reviewed the list of European countries and their capitals, but also provided interesting facts about each country or its capital.

Europe is a part of the world that, together with another part of the world, Asia, forms a single continent - Eurasia. Its vast territory contains 44 independent states. But not all of them are included Foreign Europe.

Foreign Europe

In 1991, the international organization CIS (Commonwealth of Independent States) was created. Today it includes the following states: Russia, Ukraine, the Republic of Belarus, Moldova, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan. In relation to them, the countries of Foreign Europe are distinguished. There are 40 of them. This figure does not include dependent states - possessions of a particular state that are not formally its territory: Akrotil and Dhekelia (Great Britain), Aland (Finland), Guernsey (Great Britain), Gibraltar (Great Britain), Jersey (Great Britain) ), Isle of Man (Great Britain), Faroe Islands (Denmark), Svalbard (Norway), Jan Mayen (Norway).

In addition, in this list There are also no unrecognized countries: Kosovo, Transnistria, Sealand.

Rice. 1 Map of Foreign Europe

Geographical location

The countries of Foreign Europe occupy a relatively small area - 5.4 km2. The length of their lands from north to south is 5,000 km, and from west to east - more than 3,000 km. The extreme point in the north is the island of Spitsbergen, and in the south is the island of Crete. This region is surrounded by seas with three sides. In the west and south it is washed by the waters of the Atlantic Ocean. Geographically, Foreign Europe is divided into regions:

• Western : Austria, Belgium, Great Britain, Germany, Ireland, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Monaco, the Netherlands, Portugal, France, Switzerland;
• Northern : Denmark, Iceland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Finland, Sweden, Estonia;
• South : Albania, Andorra, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Vatican City, Greece, Spain, Italy, Macedonia, Malta, Portugal, San Marino, Serbia, Slovenia, Croatia, Montenegro;
• Eastern : Bulgaria, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Czech Republic.

From ancient times to the present day, the development of Greece, Spain, Italy, Portugal, Great Britain, Norway, Iceland, Denmark, and the Netherlands is inextricably linked with the sea. In the west it is difficult to find a place that would be more than 480 km away from the water, and in the east - 600 km.

General characteristics

Foreign European countries vary in size. Among them there are large, medium, small and “dwarf” states. The latter include the Vatican, San Marino, Monaco, Liechtenstein, Andorra, Malta. As for the population, you can mainly observe countries with a small number of citizens - about 10 million people. According to the form of government, the vast majority of countries are republics. In second place are constitutional monarchies: Sweden, the Netherlands, Norway, Luxembourg, Monaco, Denmark, Spain, Great Britain, Andorra, Belgium. And at the last step in singular- theocratic monarchy: Vatican. The administrative-territorial structure is also heterogeneous. The majority are unitary states. Spain, Switzerland, Serbia, Montenegro, Germany, Austria, Belgium are countries with a federal structure.

Rice. 2 Developed countries of Europe and their capitals

Socio-economic classification

In 1993, the idea of ​​European unification received a new lease of life: that year the treaty establishing the European Union was signed. At the first stage, some countries opposed joining the ranks of such an association (Norway, Sweden, Austria, Finland). The total number of countries included in the modern EU is 28. They are united not only by their name. First of all, they “profess” a common economy (single currency), a common internal and foreign policy, as well as security policy. But within this alliance, not everything is so smooth and homogeneous. It has its own leaders - Great Britain, France, Germany and Italy. They account for about 70% of the total GDP and more than half of the population of the European Union. The following are small countries, which are divided into subgroups:

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• First : Austria, Denmark, Finland, Luxembourg, Belgium, the Netherlands, Sweden;
• Second : Greece, Spain, Ireland, Portugal, Malta, Cyprus;
• Third (developing countries): Poland, Czech Republic, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia.

In 2016, a referendum was held in Great Britain on whether the country should leave the EU. The majority (52%) were in favor. So, the state is on the threshold of a difficult process of leaving the large “European family”.

Rice. 3 Rome - the capital of Italy

Foreign Europe: countries and capitals

The following table provides a list of countries and capitals of Overseas Europe in alphabetical order:

What have we learned?

In this article we talked about the countries and main cities of Foreign Europe. Overseas Europe is a region of Europe. What does it contain? It includes all countries located in the European part of Eurasia, except for the states belonging to the CIS. The European Union operates on the territory of Foreign Europe, which has united 28 states under its roof.

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Detailed map of Europe in Russian. Europe on the world map is a continent that, together with Asia, is part of the Eurasian continent. The border between Asia and Europe – Ural Mountains, Europe is separated from Africa by the Strait of Gibraltar. There are 50 countries in Europe, total population– more than 740 million people.

Map of Europe with countries and capitals in Russian:

Large map of Europe with countries - opens in a new window. The map shows European countries, their capitals and major cities.

Europe - Wikipedia:

Population of Europe: 741,447,158 people (2016)
Europe Square: 10,180,000 sq. km.

Satellite map of Europe. Map of Europe from satellite.

Satellite map of Europe in Russian online with cities and resorts, roads, streets and houses:

Sights of Europe:

What to see in Europe: Parthenon (Athens, Greece), Colosseum (Rome, Italy), Eiffel Tower (Paris, France), Edinburgh Castle (Edinburgh, Scotland), Sagrada Familia (Barcelona, ​​Spain), Stonehenge (England), St. Peter's Basilica (Vatican City) , Buckingham Palace (London, England), Moscow Kremlin (Moscow, Russia), Leaning Tower of Pisa (Pisa, Italy), Louvre Museum (Paris, France), Big Ben (London, England), Blue Sultanahmet Mosque (Istanbul, Turkey), Building Parliament of Hungary (Budapest, Hungary), Neuschwanstein Castle (Bavaria, Germany), Dubrovnik Old Town (Dubrovnik, Croatia), Atomium (Brussels, Belgium), Charles Bridge (Prague, Czech Republic), St. Basil's Cathedral (Moscow, Russia), Tower bridge (London, England).

The largest cities in Europe:

City Istanbul- city population: 14377018 people Country - Türkiye
City Moscow- city population: 12506468 people Country - Russia
City London- city population: 817410 0 people Country - Great Britain
City Saint Petersburg- city population: 5351935 people Country - Russia
City Berlin- city population: 3479740 people Country - Germany
City Madrid- city population: 3273049 people Country - Spain
City Kyiv- city population: 2815951 people Country - Ukraine
City Rome- city population: 2761447 people Country - Italy
City Paris- city population: 2243739 people Country - France
City Minsk- city population: 1982444 people Country - Belarus
City Hamburg- city population: 1787220 people Country - Germany
City Budapest- city population: 1721556 people Country - Hungary
City Warsaw- city population: 1716855 people Country - Poland
City Vein- city population: 1714142 people Country - Austria
City Bucharest- city population: 1677451 people Country - Romania
City Barcelona- city population: 1619337 people Country - Spain
City Kharkov- city population: 1446500 people Country - Ukraine
City Munich- city population: 1353186 people Country - Germany
City Milan- city population: 1324110 people Country - Italy
City Prague- city population: 1290211 people Country - Czech Republic
City Sofia- city population: 1270284 people Country - Bulgaria
City Nizhny Novgorod - city population: 1259013 people Country - Russia
City Belgrade- city population: 1213000 people Country - Serbia
City Kazan- city population: 1206000 people Country - Russia
City Samara- city population: 1171000 people Country - Russia
City Ufa- city population: 1116000 people Country - Russia
City Rostov-on-Don- city population: 1103700 people Country - Russia
City Birmingham- city population: 1028701 people Country - Great Britain
City Voronezh- city population: 1024000 people Country - Russia
City Volgograd- city population: 1017451 people Country - Russia
City Permian- city population: 1013679 people Country - Russia
City Odessa- city population: 1013145 people Country - Ukraine
City Cologne- city population: 1007119 people Country - Germany

Microstates of Europe:

Vatican(area 0.44 sq. km - the smallest state in the world), Monaco(area 2.02 sq. km.), San Marino(area 61 sq. km.), Liechtenstein(area 160 sq. km.), Malta(area 316 sq. km - island in the Mediterranean Sea) and Andorra(area 465 sq. km.).

Subregions of Europe - regions of Europe according to the UN:

Western Europe: Austria, Belgium, Germany, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Monaco, the Netherlands, France, Switzerland.

Northern Europe: Great Britain, Denmark, Ireland, Iceland, Norway, Finland, Sweden, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia.

Southern Europe: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Cyprus, Macedonia, San Marino, Serbia, Slovenia, Croatia, Montenegro, Portugal, Spain, Andorra, Italy, Vatican City, Greece, Malta.

East Europe: Bulgaria, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Russia, Republic of Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova.

European Union countries (members and composition of the European Union in alphabetical order):

Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Hungary, Great Britain, Greece, Germany, Denmark, Italy, Ireland, Spain, Republic of Cyprus, Luxembourg, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal, Poland, Romania, Slovenia, Slovakia, France, Finland, Croatia , Czech Republic, Sweden, Estonia.

Climate of Europe Mostly moderate. The European climate is particularly influenced by the waters of the Mediterranean Sea and the Gulf Stream. In most European countries there is a clear division into four seasons. In winter, snow falls over most of the continent and temperatures remain below 0 C, while in summer the weather is hot and dry.

Relief of Europe- These are mainly mountains and plains, and there are much more plains. Mountains occupy only 17% of the entire European territory. The largest European plains are Central European, East European, Central Danube and others. The largest mountains are the Pyrenees, Alps, Carpathians, etc.

The coastline of Europe is very indented, which is why some countries are island states. The largest rivers flow through Europe: the Volga, Danube, Rhine, Elbe, Dnieper and others. Europe is distinguished by its particularly careful attitude towards its cultural and historical heritage and natural resources. There are many national parks in Europe, and almost every European city has preserved unique historical monuments and architecture of past centuries.

European nature reserves (national parks):

Bavarian Forest (Germany), Belovezhskaya Pushcha (Belarus), Belovezhsky National Park (Poland), Borjomi-Kharagauli (Georgia), Braslav Lakes (Belarus), Vanoise (France), Vikos-Aoos (Greece), Hohe Tauern (Austria), Dwingelderveld (Netherlands), Yorkshire Dales (England), Kemery (Latvia), Killarney (Ireland), Kozara (Bosnia and Herzegovina), Coto De Doñana (Spain), Lemmenjoki (Finland), Narochanski (Belarus), New Forest (England), Pirin (Bulgaria), Plitvice Lakes (Croatia), Pripyat (Belarus), Snowdonia (England), Tatra Mountains (Slovakia and Poland), Thingvellir (Iceland), Šumava (Czech Republic), Dolomites (Italy), Durmitor ( Montenegro), Alonissos (Greece), Vatnajokull (Iceland), Sierra Nevada (Spain), Retezat (Romania), Rila (Bulgaria), Triglav (Slovenia).

Europe is the most visited continent in the world. Numerous resorts of southern countries (Spain, Italy, France) and a rich and varied historical heritage, which is represented by a variety of monuments and attractions, attract tourists from Asia, Oceania and America.

Castles of Europe:

Neuschwanstein (Germany), Trakai (Lithuania), Windsor Castle (England), Mont Saint-Michel (France), Hluboká (Czech Republic), De Haar (Netherlands), Coca Castle (Spain), Conwy (UK), Bran (Romania) ), Kilkenny (Ireland), Egeskov (Denmark), Pena (Portugal), Chenonceau (France), Bodiam (England), Castel Sant'Angelo (Italy), Chambord (France), Aragonese Castle (Italy), Edinburgh Castle (Scotland) , Spis Castle (Slovakia), Hohensalzburg (Austria).

"How many countries are located in the European part of the world?" This question interests many travel lovers. It’s also interesting, which of them are the most famous, and which are the smallest and most inconspicuous on the map? This article will talk about European countries ah and their capitals.

General information

Europe is one of the parts of the world that is located on an area of ​​more than 10 million km2. The population makes up 10% of all people living on Earth and numbers about 730 million people.

Currently, on the European part of the Eurasian continent, there are 43 countries, excluding Russia. Among them there are large states, such as Germany, France or Poland, as well as very tiny ones, including Liechtenstein, Andorra, San Marino and others. Russia is not included in this list, since territorially, one part of it belongs to Europe, and the second to Asia.

European states and their capitals are very different: large and not very large, with different populations, having high level life and poorly developed. They are all completely different. Geographically, Europe is divided into parts: Southern, Northern, Western, Eastern and Central. You can tell a lot about each country interesting facts, but first of all, you should get to know their main cities.

Large cities and their capitals

The eastern part, where 34% of the population of Europe lives, occupies a significant place in terms of area and population, the second place is the west side, the third is the south, and the last place is the north. But we should not forget that some organizations also include several countries from different parts.

Major European states and their capitals include:

• In the southern part: Spain (Madrid), Greece (Athens) and Portugal (Lisbon).
• Not in Northern Europe large countries, except Sweden (Stockholm), where 9.6 million people live.
• In the Western part, this list includes Belgium (Brussels) and the Netherlands (Amsterdam).
• Eastern Europe is Ukraine (Kyiv), Poland (Warsaw), Romania with its capital Bucharest and the Czech Republic (Prague).

Some of the most important states in the European part are those that are part of the G7. These include: Germany (Berlin), France (Paris), Great Britain (London), and Italy (Rome).

The most sparsely populated countries, where the number of citizens does not reach 3 million people, are:

• Montenegro - Podgorica;
• Slovenia - Ljubljana;
• Malta - Valletta;
• Macedonia - Skopje;
• Albania - Tirana;
• Estonia - Tallinn;
• Lithuania - Vilnius;
• Latvia - Riga;
• Iceland - Reykjavik;
• Luxembourg - Luxembourg.

A separate list should include states where the population does not exceed 100 thousand people, but there are few of them, although some of them occupy a rather large area. These include the separate Vatican City, the Principality of Liechtenstein (Vaduz), the Principality of the Principality of Andorra (Andorra la Vella) and San Marino (San Marino).

Other European capitals

The list of countries located in Europe can be continued further. It includes the so-called “medium” states, where several million people live. These include:

• Croatia - Zagreb;
• Serbia - Belgrade;
• Bosnia and Herzegovina - Sarajevo;
• Finland - Helsinki;
• Norway - Oslo;
• Denmark - Copenhagen;
• Slovakia - Bratislava;
• Moldova - Chisinau;
• Hungary - Budapest;
• Bulgaria - Sofia;
• Belarus - Minsk;
• Switzerland - Bern;
• Ireland - Dublin;
• Austria - Vienna.

Each country is amazing in its own way and rich in its historical heritage, traditions and culture. When planning to travel around Europe, look carefully at the map and make a route, choosing the countries you want to visit.