Literature lesson on the poem Mtsyri. The hero and the world in the poem "Mtsyri

OPEN LESSON ON LITERATURE IN 8 CLASS

ON THE TOPIC

"THE FREEDOM-LOVING CHARACTER OF MTSYRI"

ON THE POEM OF M. YU. LERMONTOV.

Teacher Khailo E.V.

GOALS:

educational : to continue studying the poem, to reveal the character traits of the protagonist, finding out how to depict him, to organize the activities of the student to generalize and systematize knowledge within the framework of the topic.

developing: continue to work on improving the ability to build a monologue, compare, draw your own conclusions, develop the skills of expressive reading of a lyric-epic work, consolidate the skills of reasoning on a literary topic.

educational: educate interest in the poet's TV.

LESSON TYPE: formation of knowledge and skills.

EQUIPMENT: a portrait of M. Yu. Lermontov, illustrations for the poem on electronic media, a table, a literature textbook written by G. I. Belenky, grade 8, Mnemozina publishing house, 1999.

LESSON PLAN

ORGMOMENT

MOTIVATION

ORGANIZATION OF JOINT GOAL-SETTING

D/Z CHECK

a) lexical work

b) student messages

FORMATION OF KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS

a) analytical conversation

b) listening (listening to expressive reading performed by professional readers)

c) independent work

CONSOLIDATION OF KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS

a) creating a problem

b) heuristic conversation

REFLECTION

D/Z ORGANIZATION.

DURING THE CLASSES

1. ORGMOMENT

2. MOTIVATION

Collect cut saying

"WHAT IS FREEDOM, only those who are ready to die for it know."

Explain the meaning of the statement by the 19th century French writer Germaine de Stael.

(children's answers)

One of these heroes is a Georgian youth who is being trained as a monk - Mtsyri.

3. ORGANIZATION OF JOINT GOAL-SETTING.

That. The topic of today's lesson is the FREEDOM-LOVING CHARACTER of MTSYRI. Accordingly, the PURPOSE of our lesson is to reveal the features of the character of Mtsyri.

And the epigraph to the lesson will be the statement of the famous Russian critic V. G. Belinsky: “What a fiery soul, what a mighty spirit, what a gigantic nature this Mtsyra has.”

In your opinion, what does gigantic nature mean?

(unusually wide, free).

And what is the meaning of the word "FREEDOM" according to the dictionary of V. I. Dahl?

4. D\W

a) LEXICAL WORK

Dahl has "freedom" - his own will, space, the ability to act in his own way, the absence of constraint, bondage, slavery, submission to someone else's will.

And how does S.I. Ozhegov, the author of a modern explanatory dictionary, interpret this concept?

(the ability to express one's will, the absence of constraint and restrictions, the state of one who is not imprisoned, in prison).

EXPLANATION BY THE TEACHER OF THE MEANING OF THE TASK.

So what does LIBERTY mean?

(Appreciating and loving freedom).

Is this the character of Mtsyri, we will try to figure it out today in the lesson. But you and I know that a person's character is laid from childhood (remember Pyotr Grinev). Therefore, I propose first to recall the history of Mtsyri's short life, starting with how he got into the monastery.

(Messages by A. Burlak or S Melnitsky)

What impression does Mtsyri the child make on you?

(This is a lonely unfortunate young man, doomed to live in a monastery, which is a prison for him).

5. FORMATION OF KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS

a) ANALYTICAL TALK

Mtsyri's life in the monastery.

But already here his character is formed. What influences the formation of his character? (environment, people and what is laid down by nature, transferred with mother's milk, that is, at the genetic level).

What are these traits? Find in the text.

….. he seemed to be about six years old ......

….. Wandered silent, lonely...

CONCLUSION:

We will write it down in a table reflecting the features of Mtsyri's character. And its main feature is the Mighty Spirit. Remember: "He quietly proudly died." (TABLE)

Think about whether Lermontov gives a specific portrait of the hero? Why not? (The author gives only a generalized portrait, since such was the fate of many highlanders).

Artistic techniques (epithets and comparisons) used by the author are not amenable to figurative perception, but only to sensual perception and are proof of this.

What does the young man dream about? (See the Motherland)

Find in the text and read what it represents.

And these are not just dreams: this is one, but a fiery passion, which is compared to a worm.

• Explain this comparison. (Passion takes possession of a person, gets to every corner of his soul, absorbs him just like a worm takes life from an apple. Thus Lermontov emphasizes all the strength and power of Mtsyri's passion.

  What is the purpose of Mtsyra's escape? Why does she piss him off so much? Support your answer with quotes from the text.

* I lived a little, but I lived in captivity ..

Such two lives in one

But only full of anxiety

I would change if I could.

*My flaming chest

Press with longing to the chest of another,

Though unfamiliar, but native.

* I decided to look at the distant fields ...

* I have one goal - to go to my native country

Had it in my soul.

CONCLUSION:

What trait of har-ra moved him?

(the thirst for freedom, will, because Mtsyra’s idea of ​​​​freedom is connected with the dream of returning to his homeland. To be free means to escape from the monastic captivity, to return to your native village.

And explain why Mtsyri ran away into a thunderstorm?

(call of nature. A thunderstorm is the perfect time to escape. Nature itself helps Mtsyri.

THE ROLE OF LANDSCAPE IN THE POEM.

(CHAPTERS 9, 10, 11).

What did Mtsyri see and learn about life during his wanderings?

(Ch. 6, 9, 10, 11).

CONCLUSION: Nature is beautiful, and therefore life is beautiful. To be with Nature together means to be free. So, only there he is free. Pay attention to the comparisons that Lermontov resorts to when describing Mtsyri alone with nature. How do they characterize the young man?

(emphasize his love of life, unity with nature, sympathy for all living things: the jackal screamed and cried like a child). And he also compares the leopard with a man and says: "Embracing, stronger than two friends." And even when a young man defeats a wild beast, he still considers him a worthy opponent.

Thus, the personality of Mtsyri, his character is reflected in what paintings attract him, how he talks about them. The landscape in the poem plays an important role, because it is given in the perception of the hero, and therefore becomes a means of creating Mtsyri's character. So, through the understanding of nature, one more feature of the character of the hero is revealed. Which?

SENSITIVITY OF THE SOUL, his love for life, for everything beautiful. Not everyone is able to see, notice the beauty of nature. For example, monks. (TABLE)

We see this feature thanks to the ANTITHESIS technique used by Lermontov, that is, CONTRAST. Mtsyri is striking in the richness and diversity of nature, which is a contrast to monastic life.

CONCLUSION: So, the poetically sublime nature of the hero, his desire for freedom allows him to compare free life with paradise.

But nature is not only beautiful, it is also dangerous. (there are poisonous snakes, wild animals).

What role do these dangers play?

(Looking for Mtsyri, they are still close to his soul, like lightning, which illuminated his path during his flight from the monastery).

But the feeling of happiness in Mtsyra is connected not only with what he managed to see, but also with what he managed to accomplish.

What did Mtsyri do and how was his character revealed here?

* Escape from the monastery gave him a sense of unity with nature.

* The meeting with the Georgian woman caused a sweet longing - the ability to love. (TABLE)

Why didn't he go for a Georgian woman in a saklya, to free people. To which so aspired all his life?

(This is not yet his homeland, not his land of fathers).

* Fight with a leopard. Why did he fight him? After all, he could calmly leave or wait out so that he would not notice him.

(Mtsyri wanted to know the happiness of the struggle, the delight of victory, to know his strength, courage). Another feature is the desire for self-knowledge. (TABLE)

EXPRESSIVE READING OF THE EXTRACT PERFORMED BY RAMZAN UMAEV, Honored Artist of the Chechen Republic.

So, what word can unite all these experiences? LIFE.

What does it mean to live for a hero?

(to be in constant search, anxiety, fight, win, and most importantly, experience the bliss of freedom).

6. CONSOLIDATION OF KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS.

At the beginning of the lesson, We spoke of MTSYRI as a prisoner who lived in a monastery. He did not know much about himself, because only real life tests a person and shows what he is.

CREATING A PROBLEM SITUATION

What did Mtsyri learn about himself when he was free?

* Deeper revealed love for the motherland, merged with freedom. If in the monastery he languished with a thirst for freedom, then in the wild he experiences earthly happiness, that is, he becomes purposeful.

* He learned that he was bold and fearless.

* Refusal of the possible happiness of love in order to come to your native country.

* That he is hardy. Tortured by the leopard, he gathers the remnants of his strength and tries to get out of the forest.

What is the peculiarity of Har-ra Mtsyri? Is it possible to answer with the words of Belinsky?

Yes, Mtsyri is a powerful nature. He strives for happiness, which is possible only in freedom. He lives only for this purpose and is ready for any sacrifices for the sake of its realization. Even ready to give his life.

HEURISTIC CONVERSATION.

Let's remember which literary direction the poem "MTSYRI" belongs to and why?

(This is a romantic poem, because Mtsyri is lonely, has a bright character, strives for freedom, society does not understand him. In this case, monks.

In addition, the action of the poem takes place among the free and mighty nature of the Caucasus, the symbol of greatness, rebelliousness and freedom of which are mountains.

And if the poem is romantic, then who will the hero be?

(A romantic, because for a romantic, all life is a struggle.

7. GENERALIZATION.

• Why did this courageous hero die? The support given in the card will help you answer this philosophical question.

CARD

• Why did Mtsyri die?

The origins of the Mtsyri tragedy are the conditions .....

The circumstances in which he found himself since childhood deprived him of ………………………………………………………………………… ............................. .. and led to ……………………… ................................................. .....

His last dying wish was ……………………………………………………….. ...............................................

This is not reconciliation, but victory. Life has doomed him to .................................................... ..............................., and 3 days in the wild gave ................................................. ..........

Therefore, his death causes .............................................. for Mtsyri .

8. REFLECTION

You also live in the Caucasus Mountains. Can you call yourself romantics? Do you feel lonely and in prison? Are you seeking to know yourself? Do you need to fight a leopard for this? Think. Maybe thinking about it will help to write an essay - a miniature.

1. What is freedom for Mtsyra?

2. How is Mtsyri close to Lermontov himself and to me?

I give you freedom of choice.

Literature lesson Grade 8

"The image of the protagonist of the poem "Mtsyri" and the means of its creation"

Prepared by:

Russian teacher and

literature

MBOU secondary school No. 11 p. Novotersky

Mineralovodsky district

Stavropol Territory

Kozina Elena Ivanovna

2013 - 2014

Goals: develop text analysis skills, characteristics of characters; identify ways to reveal the image of the protagonist of the poem; give an initial concept of romanticism, romantic hero, romantic conflict.

Methodical methods: work on drawing up a citation plan; lecture by the teacher, expressive reading, text analysis, conversation on questions, teacher's comments, vocabulary work, group work.

Equipment: reproductions of paintings by I. Aivazovsky, O. Kiprensky; fragments of works by romantic composers; illustrations for the poem.

Epigraph:

“... what a fiery soul, what a mighty spirit, what a gigantic nature this Mtsyri has!”

(V. G. Belinsky)

During the classes

№ P / P

I.Homework implementation

1.Individual tasks - showing electronic presentations on the proposed topics:

"The era in which Lermontov lived"

"The most important facts from the life of the poet"

2. Analysis of presentations

How many years did Lermontov live?

What era did he live in?

What was it about politically?

On what "three pillars" was the government of the country based in this era?

What was the position of the advanced people of Russia at that time?

What are the most important facts of the poet's life do you know?

3. Micro output

The poet lived and worked in one of the darkest periods of Russian history - in the 30s - 40s of the 19th century. Tsar Nicholas 1 was at the head of the state. Leo Tolstoy called this tsar "Nikolai Palkin". The tsar set as his main task the fight against the revolutionary ideas of the century both within the country and throughout the world. Frightened by the Decembrist uprising, he considered the organization of police supervision in the country an important matter of state. Ruthlessly cracking down on the noble revolutionaries - the Decembrists, who wanted to abolish serfdom and overthrow the autocracy, he made his main assistants: the chief of gendarmes Count Benckendorff, who pursued Pushkin all his life, General Dubelt - the head of the secret tsarist police, Count Uvarov - the Minister of Education, who hated Russian literature, and once, in a fit of anger, exclaimed: “I want, finally, Russian literature to cease to exist, then at least I will sleep peacefully”; Prince Golitsyn, who was under Alexander 1 Ober - Prosecutor of the Holy Synod.

The government of the country rested on three grounds formulated by Count Uvarov:

Orthodoxy is the spiritual enslavement of the people with the help of religion;

Autocracy - the political enslavement of the people by tsarist power with the help of soldiers' bayonets and gendarmes;

Nationality - the devotion of the peasants to the tsar and landowners, unquestioning humility and humility, which were supposedly the "original" qualities of the Russian people.

The position of advanced, free-thinking people, and especially writers, was extremely difficult. It was impossible to think freely, speak freely, write freely. In the words of Herzen, life was like "torment with a handkerchief in his mouth." And such a censorship rule raged over literature that his contemporaries themselves failed with "cast iron."

Despite this, in the 1930s and 1940s, such remarkable fighters for the people's cause as Belinsky, Herzen, Ogaryov and Pushkin's successor, the great poet M. Yu. Lermontov, acted.

3. Work on the composition of the poem

In what year was the poem written?

- What is the theme of the poem?

Image of a strong, courageous, rebellious man taken prisoner. Growing up in the gloomy walls of a monastery, suffering from oppressive living conditions and deciding, at the cost of risking his own life, to break free at the very moment when it was most dangerous:

And at the hour of the night, a terrible hour,

When the storm scared you

When, crowding at the altar,

You lay prostrate on the ground

I ran.

What is the composition of the poem?

The main part of the poem is Mtsyri's confession; it is preceded by a long introduction. In which a description of the ruins of a Georgian monastery is given, the story of the imprisonment of a “captive child” in a monastery, his disappearance from it and the new placement of Mtsyri, sick, half dead. To the cloister.

What is the reason for the hero's escape from the monastery?

Dreams of a free, stormy life and homesickness.

How many days did Mtsyri spend in the wild?

How was the first day of the hero in the wild?

On the first day in the wild, Mtsyri enjoys the beauty of nature and gives herself up to vague memories of her father's house and relatives.

Second day?

On the second day, Mtsyri wakes up on the edge of the abyss. Around him "God's garden bloomed."

He lived through an exciting meeting with a young Georgian woman; at night, wandering in the forest, met with a leopard. The hero emerged victorious from the deadly battle, but was severely torn by a mighty beast.

Third day?

In an unconscious state, the hero is placed in a monastery. "The world of God slept in a deaf stupor." The dying delirium is depicted by the poet in the Song of the Fish.

What does Mtsyri's will say?

Mtsyri bequeathed to bury himself in the garden, where "two white acacia bushes" bloomed:

From there you can see the Caucasus:

Perhaps he is from his heights

Greetings farewell will send me.

Was Mtsyri happy in the wild?

“And my life without these three blessed days would be sadder and darker than my powerless old age.”

4. The story of students about the character and dreams of a young novice "Soul of a child, fate of a monk."

5. Reading a quote plan drawn up at home.

Sample quote plan:

1) “A few years ago ... / There was a monastery ...”

2) “Once a Russian general / Passed from the mountains to Tiflis; He was carrying a prisoner child ... "

3) “But after that he got used to captivity ...”

4) “Suddenly one day he disappeared…”

5) “He was found in the steppe without feelings ...”

6) “And his end was near…”

7) “Two lives for one, / But only full of worries, / I would trade if I could ...”

8) “And I, as I lived, in a foreign land / I will die a slave and an orphan”

9) “And it became in my memory / The past is clearer, clearer ...”

10) “And I remembered my father’s house…”

11) “I myself, like a beast, was a stranger to people / And crawled and hid like a snake.”

12) “God’s garden bloomed all around me…”

13) "Georgian along a narrow path / Went down to the shore."

14) "The desert is an eternal guest - / Mighty leopard."

15) "Fight boiled, mortal battle!"

16) "... understand / I could not for a long time, that again / I returned to my prison ..."

17) "I was tormented / Deathly delirium."

18) “So I was found and raised…”

19) "Farewell, father ... give me your hand ..."

20) “From there you can see the Caucasus!”

II. Consolidation of the studied material

teacher's word

Lermontov does not give a detailed description of the monastic life of Mtsyri. Monastic life meant, first of all, a departure from people, from the world, a complete rejection of one's own personality, "service to God", expressed in uniformly alternating fasts and prayers. The main condition of life in a monastery is obedience. Those who took a monastic vow were forever cut off from human society; return to life was prohibited.

For the hero, the monastery is a symbol of bondage, a prison with gloomy walls and "stuffy cells." Staying in a monastery meant forever giving up your homeland and freedom, being doomed to eternal slavery and loneliness (“to be a slave and an orphan”). The author does not reveal the character of the boy who ended up in the monastery; he only sketches his physical weakness and fearfulness, and then gives a few strokes in his behavior, and the identity of the mountaineer prisoner emerges clearly. He is hardy (“Without complaints, he / / He languished, even a weak groan / / Didn’t fly out of children’s lips ...”), proud, distrustful, because he sees his enemies in the surrounding monks, he is familiar from the earliest years not childish feelings of loneliness or longing . There is also a direct author's assessment of the boy's behavior, which reinforces the impression - Lermontov speaks of a powerful spirit inherited from his fathers.

Work on the image of Mtsyra

The attention of readers is attracted by the unusual title of the poem. "Mtsyri" in translation from Georgian is a non-serving monk, an alien, a stranger, a stranger.

Which of the interpretations of this word most accurately defines the character of the hero? (Discussion).

Mtsyri is a “natural person”, living not according to the far-fetched laws of the state, which suppress human freedom, but according to the natural laws of nature, which allow a person to open up, to realize his aspirations. But the hero is forced to live in captivity, within the walls of a monastery alien to him.

The plot is based on a real fact. Traveling in the Caucasus, the poet met with an old lonely monk. After talking, he learned from him the story of his tragic life. The monk was a mountaineer by birth. As a child, he was taken prisoner by General Yermolov during his military expedition to the Caucasus. The general took him with him, but the boy fell ill on the way and was left in the monastery. Here he grew up, but he could not get used to monastic life. More than once he made attempts to escape to the mountains. One of these attempts caused him a severe and prolonged illness, after which he resigned himself and remained forever in the monastery. Lermontov changed the ending of the story about the fate of the monk.

Why did Lermontov change the ending of the story?

Why is the name of the hero not known to the reader?

Was it only in the monastery that Mtsyri felt like a stranger?

How can you explain his words:

And then I vaguely understood
That I will never lay a trace on my homeland”?

What was the purpose of the escape? What does it mean for Mtsyra to be free?

Select quotes to answer questions.

Quotes:

a) ... My flaming chest // Press with longing to the chest of another, // Though unfamiliar, but dear.

b) A long time ago I thought / To look at the distant fields, / To find out if the earth is beautiful, / To find out, for freedom or prison / We will be born into this world.

c) I lived a little, and lived in captivity. // Such two lives in one, // But only full of worries, // I would trade if I could.

d) ...I have one goal - //Go to my native country - // I had in my soul.

Mtsyri's idea of ​​freedom is associated with the dream of returning to his homeland. To be free means for him to escape from the monastic captivity and return to his native village, to escape "from a strange family." Living in a monastery, the young man stopped seeing "living dreams":

About dear neighbors and relatives,

About the will of the wild steppes,

About light, mad horses,

About wonderful battles between the rocks ...

(The image of the unknown but desired "wonderful world of worries and battles" constantly lived in his soul.)

What did Mtsyri see and what did Mtsyri learn about life during his wanderings?

What episodes of Mtsyra's three-day wanderings do you consider especially important? Why?

The character of Mtsyra is revealed both through the pictures that attract him, and through the feeling with which he speaks about them. He is struck by the richness and diversity of nature, which contrasts with the monotony of monastic existence. In close attention to the surrounding world, one feels love for life, for everything beautiful in it, sympathy for all living things.

Why did Mtsyri die?

Lermontov showed the struggle of the hero with the environment and his death in an unequal struggle. Mtsyri died physically broken, but spiritually undefeated, with an unsatisfied longing for the ideal.

Did Mtsyri find the answer to the questions, “Is the earth beautiful”? Why does a person live on earth?

Mtsyri saw nature in herdiversity, experienced the joy of communicationwith her. Yes, the world is beautiful! - this is the meaning of Mtsyri's story about what he saw. His monologue is a hymn to this world. And the fact that the world is beautiful, full of colors and sounds, full of joy, gives Mtsyri answer to the second question: why man was created, why helives: man is born for the will, and not for prison.

III. Learning new material

1. Students' messages on the topic "Romanticism"

Romanticism is an artistic movement in literature that expresses the idea of ​​a discord between dreams, ideals and reality.

Romanticism gained recognition in Russian literature after the Patriotic War of 1812.

In the 20-30s of the XIX century, the very word "romanticism" excited the minds of people, made some irreconcilable enemies, others - friends and comrades for life. The critic Belinsky described the literary situation of that time as follows: "Classicism and Romanticism - here are two words that he announced Pushkinsky period of our literature; here are two words ... with which we fell asleep and woke up, for which we fought to the death, about which we argued to tears in the classrooms, and in the living rooms, and in the squares, and in the streets!

The followers of Karamzin were often called romantics, who argued that the most valuable thing is the human personality, and who created strong, courageous, active, noble heroes, inspired by one great goal, ready to make any sacrifices for its implementation.

The world in which romantic heroes live is far from gray everyday life. These are exotic countries, a glorious past, real or created by folk fantasy. To match the landscape: the sea, mountains - symbols of greatness, freedom, rebellion.

Romantic writers tried to be unusual in everything: in the choice of characters, bright, outstanding, in the construction of the plot, as a rule, intricate, shrouded in a haze of mystery, in the language and style of their works. They were worried about the fate of the Fatherland, interested in folklore, literary monuments (at the end XVIII century was found "The Tale of Igor's Campaign"), the history of the motherland. Romanticism flourished in other forms of art: in music (V. Verstovsky, L. Rubinstein), in painting (O. Kiprensky, I. Aivazovsky).

Having appeared, romanticism has never left the literary scene, then subsiding, then again loudly declaring itself.

2. Ways to create the image of Mtsyra

Features of "Mtsyri" as a romantic poem

Where does the poem take place?

In the Caucasus, among the free and powerful Caucasian nature, kindred to the soul of the hero. But the hero languishes in the monastery. This creates a contrast, a conflict is indicated.

Landscape paintings, mention of wind, storm, birds, animals are very important in the poem. What is the role of pictures of nature in the work?

Nature is akin to the hero, and the call of freedom turns out to be irresistible: a fish sings a love song to him, “like a brother”, he is ready to embrace the storm, “like a beast”, he is a stranger to people. And on the contrary, nature is hostile and alien to the monks of the monastery: Mtsyri runs away at one o'clock in the night, a terrible hour, // When a thunderstorm frightened you, // When, crowding around the altar,// You lay prostrate on the ground.

The plot of the poem seems familiar to romantic works - the hero, the seeker of freedom, flees from the world of bondage. We will meet with such a situation in the "Prisoner of the Caucasus" and "Gypsies" by A.S. Pushkin. But there is a turn in Lermontov's poem that radically changes the traditional situation. The prisoner and Aleko break ties with their familiar environment and go to a strange, exotic world of freedom (to the Caucasus, to the gypsies), while Mtsyri flees from a strange, violent world imposed on him into his native, natural world.

Why do you think the poet changes the traditional situation?

Lermontov embodied in Mtsyri a passionate dream of a proud, free and strong man, opposing his “shamefully indifferent” contemporaries, for whom “freedom” and “homeland” mean the same thing. A person must choose his own path - such is the poet's credo.

The role of the landscape

The landscape in the poem plays a significant role: it is given in the perception of the hero, which means that it becomes a means of characterizing Mtsyra.

Reread the description of the morning from chapter 11. What is special about you? What can be said about a person who perceives nature in this way?

We read the text from the words “God's garden bloomed around me ...” to the words “I am in it with my eyes and soul. // Drowning..."

The landscape is unusually beautiful, for the hero it is doubly attractive because it is the first morning in the wild for Mtsyra. From this morning, knowledge of the world begins for him, and a romantically inclined young man inhabits it with fantastic invisible creatures who know the secrets of "heaven and earth." In the blue and purity of heaven, the hero is ready to see the "angel of flight." A poetically exalted soul and a desire for freedom allow Mtsyri to compare free life, wild nature with paradise. Before death, this comparison becomes even more rebellious, rebellious. Mtsyri is ready to exchange “heaven and eternity” after death for the realization of his dream, for “a few minutes // Between steep and dark rocks.”

Reread the excerpt from the 6th chapter of the poem "Mtsyri". Prove that the poet painted a romantic landscape. (Read chapter 6.)

This is a romantic landscape: each of its details is extraordinary, ethical, belongs not only to reality (“lush fields ... hills ... piles of dark rocks”), but also to the realm of dreams, fantasy, the divine (“mountain ranges, bizarre, like dreams” , “smoked like altars”; “through the fog, // In the snows, burning like a diamond, // The gray-haired, unshakable Caucasus ...”, “secret voice”.

Analysis of artistic techniques

The language of the poem is in full accordance with its content and the character of the hero. Belinsky wrote: “This iambic tetrameter with only masculine endings ... sounds and abruptly falls, like a blow of a sword striking its victim. Elasticity, energy and sonorous, monotonous fall are in amazing harmony with the concentrated feeling, the indestructible strength of a powerful nature and the tragic position of the hero of the poem.

1. Discussion of the issue

What artistic means did M.Yu. Lermontov in the description of the landscape?

Expanded metaphors when describing pictures of nature:

God's garden blossomed all around me.

Plant rainbow outfit

Kept traces of heavenly tears.

And curls of vines

Curled, showing off between the trees

Transparent green sheets;

And the grapes are full on them.

Earrings like expensive

They hung magnificently. And sometimes

A shy swarm of birds flew towards them.

Metaphorical epithets: silvery voice, sweet moon, golden sand, sleepy flowers, lush fields, fresh crowds, stone hugs, secret lodging, sweet anguish, sacred words, mighty spirit, blessed days, terrible hour.

Metaphors:

I nourished this passion in the darkness of the night with tears and anguish;

I gnawed at the damp breast of the earth;

The world of God slept in a stupor of deaf despair in a heavy sleep;

And the sun through the crystal of the moon shone sweeter than the moon;

But what? - As soon as the dawn rose, its scorching beam burned the bred flower in prison;

a crown of trees, piles of rocks;

personifications - thoughts of rocks, a gray-haired mandate;

comparisons - trees, like brothers in a circular dance,

in the snows burning like a diamond;

mountain ranges as bizarre as dreams; smoked like altars, their heights;

clouds, like a white caravan of stray birds.

The visual impressions that arise in the reader through these artistic means are enhanced by sound ones. Alliteration for hissing conveys the noise of the forest (lush, overgrown, noisy, fresh). Rolling "r" emphasize the power of the rocks and the roar of rolling and falling stones (heaps, mountain ranges, smoked like altars). Soft sonorous "l" denote the lightness and tenderness of dreams (stray, distant, far away, easy).

2. Work in groups

Task: find examples of the use of artistic means and

explain their role in creating the image of the hero.

Note: you can assign to each group the search for one of the artistic

means or analyze from this point of view the chapters of the poem.

Examples:

Epithets:“But free youth is strong, / And death, it seemed, is not terrible!”

Hyperbolas:“Oh, I’m like a brother / I would be glad to embrace the storm! // I followed the clouds with my eyes, // I caught the lightning with my hand...».

Metaphors, personifications:“I nourished this passion in the darkness of the night with tears and longing”, “I gnawed at the damp chest of the earth ...”

Comparisons:“I myself, like a beast, was a stranger to people // And crawled and: hid like a snake.” Etc.

The richness of visual and expressive means is closely connected with the richness of the hero's inner world. “It can be said without exaggeration,” Belinsky wrote, “that Lermontov took the colors from the rainbow, the rays from the sun, the shine from lightning, the roar from thunders. The rumble of the winds - that all nature itself carried and gave him materials. when he wrote this poem.

3. Analysis of episodes

The task for the groups is to analyze the episodes:

a) Escape from the monastery, an attempt to find the way to his native land.

b) Meeting with a Georgian woman.

c) Fight with a leopard.

IV . Lesson summary

The feeling of happiness in Mtsyra is caused not only by what he saw, but also by what he managed to accomplish. Flight from the monastery during a thunderstorm gave me the pleasure of feeling the friendship “between a stormy heart and a thunderstorm”; communion with nature brought joy (he "it was fun to breathe ... the night freshness of those forests"); in a battle with a leopard, he knew the happiness of struggle and the delight of victory; the meeting with the Georgian woman caused "sweet anguish". Mtsyri unites all these experiences in one word - life! .. “What did I do in the wild? // Lived.

What does it mean to live for a hero?

To be in constant search, anxiety, to fight and win, and most importantly, to experience the bliss of the "liberty of the saint." In these experiences, the fiery character of Mtsyri is very clearly revealed. Only real life tests a person and shows what he is.

What did Mtsyri learn about himself when he found himself free?

On theMtsyri's love for his homeland was revealed with renewed vigor, which merged for the young man with the desire for liberty.And if in the monastery the hero only yearned for freedom,then in freedom he knew the "bliss of liberty" and strengthenedin their thirst for earthly happiness.

Living three days freede, Mtsyri learned that he was bold and fearless. Fearlessness, contempt for death and passionate love for life, thirst forstruggle and readiness for it is revealed in the battle with the leopard"Fiery passion" Mtsyri- love for the motherland - makeshis purposeful and firm. He refuses tothe possible happiness of love, overcomes suffering, hunger,in a desperate impulse, he tries to break through the forest for the sake of the goal - "to go to his native country."

Mtsyri is hardy. Tortured by the leopard, he forgets about his wounds and, having gathered the rest of his strength, again tries to get out of the forest.

The death of this dream gives rise to despair in him, but even in a desperate impulse, Mtsyri appears not as weak and defenseless, but as a proud and courageous person who rejects pity and compassion.

Why did Mtsyri run during a thunderstorm without any preparation?

Why didn't Mtsyri go after a Georgian woman in a hut, to free people, whom he had been striving for all his life?

Why did Mtsyri fight the leopard, because he could freely leave until the leopard sensed him?

Why did Mtsyri die? Why, despite the death of the hero, do we not perceive the poem as a gloomy work, filled with despair and hopelessness?

Origins of the tragedyMtsyri - in the conditions that surrounded the hero since childhood.The circumstances in which he found himself from childhood deprived him ofhis connections with people, practical experience, knowledge of life, onput their seal on it, making it a “dungeon flower”,and caused the death of the hero. His last wish is to beburied outside the monastery walls, once again feelthe beauty of the world, to see the native Caucasus. It can't be calledreconciliation with the fate and defeat of the hero. Such a defeatat the same time, there is a victory: life doomed Mtsyri toslavery, humility, loneliness, and he managed to know freedom,experience the happiness of struggle and the joy of merging with the world. Bythis death, for all its tragedy, causes the readerbody's pride in Mtsyri and hatred for the conditions that deprivehis happiness.

What was the significance of the poem in the era of M. Yu. Lermontov?

The whole poem represents a passionate call to the struggle for freedom, it calls not to put up with the slave conditions of existence that tear a person away from nature. From native people. From the motherland and dooming him to vegetation, to a passive attitude to life. The feelings and experiences of Mtsyri are the feelings and experiences of Lermontov himself and his advanced contemporaries.

V. Homework

Prepare an expressive reading by heart of an excerpt from the poem "Mtsyri".

Goals:

Educational : to learn to work with the text of a lyrical work, to conduct an ideological and thematic analysis of Lermontov's poem, to show the artistic discoveries of the poet.

Give theoretical ideas about the theme and idea of ​​a work of art

Developing: develop the emotional perception of a lyrical work, develop the ability to build a monologue statement.

educators : to instill love for poetry as a special kind of art, to cultivate interest in the poet's work, to instill in students a sense of purpose, a desire to understand the true meaning and beauty of life, to instill love for the motherland.

Lesson type : formation of knowledge and skills.

Equipment: text of the poem, reference record on the board, cards with reference material, multimedia presentation (portrait of M.Yu. Lermontov, illustrations for the poem “Mtsyri”), computer, projector.

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Synopsis of a literature lesson in grade 8 based on M.Yu. Lermontov's poem "Mtsyri"

The theme of the lesson is “What is the meaning of life for Mtsyra?”

Theme and idea of ​​a work of art

Goals:

Educational: to learn to work with the text of a lyrical work, to conduct an ideological and thematic analysis of Lermontov's poem, to show the artistic discoveries of the poet.

Give theoretical ideas about the theme and idea of ​​a work of art

Developing: develop the emotional perception of a lyrical work, develop the ability to build a monologue statement.

educators : to instill love for poetry as a special kind of art, to cultivate interest in the poet's work, to instill in students a sense of purpose, a desire to understand the true meaning and beauty of life, to instill love for the motherland.

lesson type: formation of knowledge and skills.

Equipment: text of the poem, reference record on the board, cards with reference material, multimedia presentation (portrait of M.Yu. Lermontov, illustrations for the poem “Mtsyri”), computer, projector.

During the classes.

1. Organizational moment.

2. Checking homework.

Teacher's word.

- M.Yu. Lermontov's poem "Mtsyri" is read, its plot is not complicated. Lermontov heard this story in the Caucasus. It was she who formed the basis of the poem, but there is a significant difference in the finale. Let's turn to the work to understand it.

slide 2

Student's story:

The action of the poem takes place in Georgia. The emergence of the idea is connected with the poet's journey along the Georgian Military Highway. Then Lermontov visited the ancient capital of Georgia, the city of Mtskheta. There he met a lonely monk who told him his story. A highlander by birth, he was taken prisoner by General Yermolov as a child. On the way, the boy fell ill, and Yermolov left him in the monastery. For a long time he could not get used to the monastery, he yearned, tried to run away to his homeland. The consequence of such an attempt was a serious illness that almost killed him. He resigned himself to his share and spent his life within the walls of the monastery.

What is the difference between the hero of a poem and the hero of a legend? (5m)

3. Posting the topic of the lesson

Teacher's word.

In his confession before his death, Mtsyri will tell the monk:

“Do you want to know what I did in the wild? Lived."

The main goal of our lesson is to answer the question:What does it mean for Mtsyri to live?

What is the meaning of life for Mtsyri?

(This problematic question is written on the board.)

And think about what is the theme of the poem "Mtsyri" and what is the idea of ​​this poem.

4. Preparation for the assimilation of new material. Conversation on the text of the poem.

1) The poem is called Mtsyri. What does this word mean?

Slides captions:

M.Yu. Lermontov's poem "Mtsyri" "What is the meaning of Mtsyri's life?" Theme and idea of ​​a work of art

Once a Russian general was driving from the mountains to Tiflis; He was carrying a child prisoner. He fell ill, could not endure the Works of the long journey ...

MTSYRI, - [cargo. mciri - hermit, ascetic]. - monk of the monastery

A long time ago I thought To look at the distant fields, To find out if the earth is beautiful, To find out, for freedom or prison We will be born into this world. … Press my flaming chest with anguish to the chest of another, Though not familiar, but dear. ... I have one goal - To go to my native country - I had in my soul ...

I lived little, and lived in captivity. Such two lives for one, But only full of worries, I would trade if I could. ... I have one goal - To go to my native country - I had in my soul ...

... and my life Without these three blissful days It would be sadder and gloomier ... She called my dreams From stuffy cells and prayers To that wonderful world of worries and battles Where rocks hide in the clouds, Where people are free like eagles ...

Holding the jug above her head, the Georgian went down the narrow path to the shore...

I waited, grabbing a horned bough, A minute of battle; my heart suddenly lit up with a thirst for struggle ... He threw himself on my chest; But I managed to stick it in my throat And there I turned my weapon twice...

Farewell, father ... give me your hand ... Then I forgot myself. God's light in the eyes faded. Crazy delirium yielded to the impotence of the body ... So I was found and raised ...

The theme of a work of art is what forms the basis, the main circle of life events depicted by the writer. The idea of ​​a work of art is the main idea that summarizes the semantic, figurative, emotional content of a work of art.

I lived little, and lived in captivity.
Such two lives in one
But only full of anxiety
I would change if I could.

M.Yu. Lermontov "Mtsyri"

Lesson Objectives:

• To organize the activities of students to generalize and systematize the knowledge of students.
• Strengthen literary reasoning skills

DURING THE CLASSES

I. Teacher's word

- The main artistic principle of romanticism, which Lermontov followed, is romantic individualism. Not every person can be chosen. It is no coincidence that Byron is a rebel, high “rising above the crowd”, while Hoffmann is an outcast, an eccentric, a lonely dreamer. The position of a romantic person is focusing on her own "I", so it is difficult for her to live in the world around her. Thus, the antithesis “personality – world” arises, in which the idea of ​​a romantic dual world is realized. The world constantly pushes out the personality, and the personality is alienated from the world. As a result, not finding contacts with the world, the romantic person goes in search of his spiritual homeland. ( Attachment 1 )

II. Text conversation

What is the peculiarity of Lermontov's Mtsyri? Why for many decades does it excite and excite the feelings of readers?

In 1839, Lermontov accompanied the published poem “Mtsyri” with an explanation of the title: “Mtsyri in Georgian means “non-serving monk”, something like a novice.” This non-Russian word has a double meaning - a stranger, a foreigner and a lonely person.
We draw attention to the unusual epigraph "Eating, tasting little honey, and now I die." Initially, Lermontov wanted to choose a different epigraph "Everyone has only one homeland", but subsequently abandoned it. ( Appendix 2 )

How does the epigraph to the poem help us answer the question posed at the beginning of the lesson?

Turning to the biblical theme, the author focuses on the violation of prohibitions. Lermontov is important generalizing meaning of the phrase. According to the Bible, those who break the ban will die. Here the poet is interested in something else: I am dying, but I dare to break the ban. This epigraph embodies the fate of Mtsyra and sets the philosophical level of confession, where the main character speaks about the meaning of life of a person who has tasted the honey of freedom.

What is unusual about the personality of a seventeen-year-old boy?

The state of loneliness of the protagonist, alienation within the walls of the monastery is due to circumstances in the life of Mtsyri. The fate of the hero is a given given to the reader. In other words, the personality of Mtsyri is valuable in itself.
The psychology of a young man is contradictory: he has a weak body and a powerful spirit. The life force was killed in him, the reason for which was the captivity and stay in the "gray walls" of the monastery. But on the other hand, the young man's spirit is not broken. He remains himself, a natural person who is drawn to nature, to nature.
What role did the monks play in Mtsyri's life? Why was he suffocating in the walls of the monastery?
Monastic education did not touch Mtsyri. No matter how much he lived with the monks, the memory of the land of his ancestors lives in his mind. Note that the state of the hero is not explained, but given as a given.

What is the sense of life

What is Lermontov's attitude to the experiences of his hero?

Lermontov did not leave the present. He wrote about what worried and tormented the best people of his generation; their thoughts and feelings, their aspirations, he embodied in the heroes of his works. The action of the poem takes place in modern times, and the hero is also a contemporary, who is hard and difficult, just like Lermontov.

Why do you think the story is given to the hero?

In the center of the poem is the image of a young man placed in unusual conditions. Monastic existence is poor in external events, it does not bring joy to a person, but it cannot destroy his aspirations and impulses. The author focuses on these aspirations, on the inner world of the hero, and the external circumstances of his life only help to reveal the character. A monologue is a confession that allows you to penetrate the innermost thoughts and feelings of the hero. Here the young man speaks more about what he has seen, and one can only guess about what he has experienced (“can you tell the soul?”).
The word "confession" has the following meaning: repentance for sins before a priest; a frank confession of something; communication of their thoughts, views.

In what sense do you think this word is used in the poem?

Confession makes it possible to gradually reveal the inner world of the hero. Mtsyri talks about his life in the monastery and reveals something that was not known to the monks. Outwardly submissive, "with a soul - a child, with a fate - a monk", he was possessed by a fiery passion for freedom, a youthful thirst for life with all its joys and sorrows. Behind these dreams and aspirations, the circumstances and reasons that brought him to life are guessed. There is an image of a gloomy monastery with stuffy cells, inhuman laws and an atmosphere where all natural aspirations are suppressed.
The main part of the poem is a dispute in which, basically, only Mtsyri takes part. It shows the clash of conflicting views on life.

Clash of worldviews

The strength of the spirit of a romantic hero is in his ability to survive the loneliness of the monks. But Mtsyri's loneliness reaches its climax, and he flees from the monastery.

Prove that flight reveals the inner world of Mtsyri? Find signs of a romantic poem? (Annex 3 )

The climax of the poem is the flight. It is common for a romantic hero to cut ties with the world and flee into a foreign environment. Mtsyri also leaves a world alien to himself and wants to return to his homeland, thus in the poem the situation of flight becomes the motive for returning. There is a turnaround. The hero does not lose his element, but acquires it. The young man does not need to establish relations with the new world where he is running, he is close to him. The call of nature calls Mtsyri to return to where he was born and lived before captivity. It is no coincidence that there is a lot of wind and birds in the poem. He, like a bird that has flown to foreign lands, instinctively returns to the family nest. But in this world he feels like a stranger. Here everything is harmonious even in the images: two rivers, two saklis, two rocks, two white acacia bushes, trees like brothers, flocks of birds fly. Only Mtsyri is alone, deprived of kinship since childhood, he has no one. Naturally, the images of kinship and unity evoke the natural desire of a young person to restore natural ties.

What is the function of the natural environment?

In the mind of Mtsyri lives the image of a distant and desired homeland, where there is a “wonderful land of anxieties and battles”, where people are free like birds. It does not talk about cruelty about the cruelty of laws, bloody amusements, violence against captive mountaineers. Lermontov saw the Caucasus only from the positive side, since for Mtsyri everything here is dear, close. This edge of the poet is humanized. Nature gives a new surge of strength to the fleeing hero, she gives rest, quenches thirst, allows her to come into contact with the happiness of love.

What feelings does Mtsyri experience when meeting a girl?

The meeting with the Georgian woman became the overcoming of temptation. The monks believed that female beauty is sinful, just as the very thought of love is sinful. We do not know what Mtsyri felt, but our experiences are on his side. In his soul there is a struggle of feelings. No matter how attractive the call of happiness and peace is. Mtsyri rejects the personal in order to achieve his goal. It is no coincidence that Mtsyri bitterly throws to his interlocutor:

Memories of those moments
In me, let them die with me.

But soon the young man gets tired of nature. For him, a resident of the monastery, freedom turned out to be an unbearable burden, as if he was oversaturated with oxygen. Mtsyri experienced as many events in three days as there were not during his stay in the monastery. And he was tired of experiences, since Mtsyri is a victim of civilization.

How does the world of nature oppose the world of monastery walls?

In the poem, Lermontov tells about the relationship between the monks and the boy. The motive of evil was completely removed, the monks did not beat the child, did not abuse, did not offend. The inhabitants of the monastery felt "pity", in the "guardian walls they taught healing. The evil of the monks is that they violate the will of Mtsyri. The monks surrounded him with suffocating care, thereby imprisoning him.

Mtsyri burns passion for the will, and therefore the good of the monks for him turns into evil. The closed space of the monastery for the hero threatens with lack of freedom. Lermontov affirms the highest value is not peace, but the value of struggle, personal courage.

Here it is necessary to pay attention to the scene with the leopard. Why does Lermontov introduce this episode, how does he characterize Mtsyri? What feelings does a young man experience in a fight with a beast? (The tension of forces, the ecstasy of an open and honest struggle, complete merging with nature, the joy and triumph of victory.) The poet admires the courage, determination and courage of Mtsyra. It is here that the verse rings especially resiliently. The mental state of the hero is expressed by intonation and rhythm, a system of hyphenation and pauses. The beginning of the stanza is intermittent, which shows the acuteness of the situation: pauses convey excitement, rhythm - the tension of the struggle, solid male rhymes "fall" like blows.
In this battle, a true human society is shown, that is, Lermontov models the society that should be. It is only in such a society that courage must be opposed by courage. An open battle, where there is no deceit, cunning, deceit, this is how Lermontov's life was conceived. Bars behaves like a human.

Do you think returning to the monastery is an accident or doom for Mtsyra?

Nature gave Mtsyri the world of true life, but did not open her doors to him. And the novice did not manage to get far from the "dark walls".
Mtsyri was given to experience a few moments of true life. These three days crossed out life in the monastery. Life in freedom is an example of heroic behavior, a thirst for a different life, incompatible with the past. Lermontov talked about tragic throwing in circles to gain an unattainable goal, about the doom of the hero, but, nevertheless, he respected his hero, his desire to change his life.
The poem "Mtsyri" raises serious moral and philosophical questions about the meaning of life, about love and death, about man and society. This poem is not only about Mtsyri, but also about Lermontov himself, because their fates are very similar. If Mtsyri was hard in the monastery, then Lermontov - in secular society. Lermontov sought to leave this environment of people who were deeply alien to him. Maybe he embodied in the image of his hero his own traits and those traits that, in his opinion, were the best in people.
When Mtsyri asked the question:

… is the earth beautiful.
... for freedom or prison
Are we born into this world?

Lermontov answered: yes, the earth is beautiful, a person is born for the will, but the tragedy is that he is forced to live in captivity. And the poet glorified the struggle, feat, rebellion, strength of character and intransigence. With his heroism, irresistible desire for a goal, anxiety, thirst for struggle, brightness of feelings, Mtsyri is close to Lermontov.

Why does the poem have an open ending?

Mtsyri dies unconquered. The author does not end the poem with the scene of the physical death of the hero, but gives the reader the opportunity to sound in the mind of the reader the words of a living hero, not broken by any suffering.
Each reader has his own answer to the question posed, each has his own opinion. We must live with dignity so that we can answer without shame:

"Do you want to know what I did
At will? Lived…”

III. Homework: write an essay: “Who did Mtsyri become for me?”

Literature:

1. G.I. Belenky“From observations of composition to comprehension of the ideological meaning of the work”, M., “Enlightenment”, 1968.
2. D.E. Maksimov"Poetry of Lermontov" M-L., "Science", 1964

Literature lesson in grade 8.

Target :

The student must learn to characterize Mtsyri as the hero of a romantic work
Tasks:
1. Update knowledge about romanticism, features of a romantic character. Identify ways of revealing the romantic character in the poem.
2. Develop skills in analytical work with text.
3. To cultivate independence of thinking, efficiency, the need to figuratively express one's thoughts. To instill love for the works of Russian classical literature.

Universal learning activities:work with the text of the work, quotation filling of the scheme, monologue statements, work with reproductions, compiling a syncwine.

Meta-subject values: development of value ideas (freedom - bondage, fortitude).

Planned results

Students will learn:

Characterize the image of the young man-mtsyri, using the text of the poem and illustrations of artists to answer;

Comment on illustrations for the poem created by different artists;

Use elements of cause-and-effect and structural-functional analysis;

Extract the necessary information from a literary text and translate it from one sign system to another (from text to diagram);

Coordinate personal activities with other participants in collaborative work.

lesson type: knowledge formation lesson.
Type of lesson: lesson-dialogue with elements of research and creative activity.
Forms of organization of educational activities: frontal, group.
Equipment: text by M.Yu. Lermontov "Mtsyri", computer presentations (crossword puzzle, fishbone, audio recording of an excerpt from M.Yu. Lermontov's poem "Fight with a leopard").

During the classes

1. Organizational moment
Creation of groups, identification of speakers.

2. Updating knowledge
- At the last lesson, we started studying the work of M.Yu. Lermontov "Mtsyri", talked about the theme and composition of the poem. I suggest you solve a crossword puzzle that will help you remember some concepts that are directly related to the topic of our conversation. (See Appendix 1).

Answering the last question, we find out that romanticism- This is a direction in European art, characteristic of the end of the 18th - the first half of the 19th century. Romanticism proclaimed aspiration for unlimited freedom, a thirst for perfection, personal and civil independence. The basis of romantic art is the contradiction between the ideal and social reality.

3. Operational-activity stage.
Today we will talk about a complex type of human character that appeared in the 19th century - a romantic character. We are familiar with such a character from the poem by A.S. Pushkin "Gypsies". Let's try to answer the question: "Can Mtsyri be called a romantic hero?"

BUT) To do this, we use the Fishbone diagram.
Scheme, or diagram, "Fishbone"invented by Professor Kauro Ishikawa.

This technique allows you to "break" a common problematic topic into a number of reasons and arguments. The visual image of this strategy is similar to the “fish bone”, “fish skeleton” (hence the name).The problem that is considered in the process of working on a work of art fits into the head of the "skeleton". On the “skeleton” itself there are upper “bones”, the reasons for the events taking place are fixed on them, and the lower ones are for recording facts confirming the existence of the formulated reasons. Entries should be concise, with key words and phrases that reflect the essence. In the "tail" is placed the conclusion on the problem being solved.

Each group has a fishbone blank. So, we enter a problematic issue in the “head”, on the upper “bones” - the reasons, i.e. signs that characterize romanticism in literature (we discuss this frontally), and on the lower "bones" each group independently writes out quotes from the text as arguments.
(See Appendix 2).

After the end of the work and discussion, we draw a conclusion.

- A romantic hero is a complex, passionate person, whose inner world is unusually deep, endless; it is a whole universe full of contradictions. The base material practice of the Romantics was opposed to the life of the spirit. Interest in strong and vivid feelings, all-consuming passions, in the secret movements of the soul are characteristic features of romanticism.

B) Working with illustrations.

Guys, what episode can be called the climax of the poem?

The central episode of the poem is a fight with a leopard. it

the culmination of three "free" days of the hero.

What qualities of the hero showed up in the fight? What does the fight with the leopard symbolize?

A fight with a leopard has a deep psychological and philosophical meaning: it is a figurative embodiment of what is happening in the hero's soul. Two principles are at war in it: an irresistible desire for freedom and individualism, which has saturated the soul of the hero, a "dungeon", lonely "flower". Mtsyri is open to the whole world and at the same time closed, immersed in himself, unable to understand the truth of other people. Mtsyri is not ready for a dialogue with the world of people - this is the most important reason for his life tragedy.

Listen to an excerpt from "Fight with the Leopard" in artistic performance and look at the illustrations for the poem, made by different artists. Do their ideas about the hero match yours? (See Appendix 3)

Teacher's word:

M. Yu. Lermontov endowed Mtsyri with many qualities and meanings through which the reader understands the idea of ​​the poem. The poet combined opposite qualities in him, for example, he is strong and weak, etc. The significance of the hero complicates his interpretation in illustrations.
We can find significant differences in the pictorial images of the hero. Each artist has his own Mtsyri. The main difference lies in the transfer of his external data: facial features, physique, age, ethnicity, mood. The problem that the artist faces is the ambiguous characterization of the hero. The question arises: how to portray the hero?
44 artists created illustrations between 1863 and 2005.
L. O. Pasternak depicted Mtsyri with a black man. The hero with a jerky movement of his hand, directed beyond the walls of the monastery, into the wild, to his native land, is opposed to the static figure of an old man. Thus, the artist showed "the world of people of different spirits with the help of individualization and variations of the plastic method." F. D. Konstantinov showed him aspiring, jubilant and bold. I. S. Glazunov showed him in various states, joyful and tense.
What is the reason for the appearance of completely different images of the hero?
The hero of the poem has certain qualities that you need to know in order to understand the poet's intention, to analyze the existing ones and to create new illustrations.
Mtsyri, as noted by various researchers, is both a rebel, and a stranger, and a fugitive, and a “natural person”, and a spirit thirsty for knowledge, and an orphan who dreams of a home, and a young man who collides with imposed circumstances;
D. E. Maksimov noted his fiery passion, vitality, love of freedom, inflexible will, manifestations of the “powerful spirit” of “his fathers”. All these qualities are inseparable from his physical frailty and sickness, the legacy of the monastic regime. “In him, “free youth is strong,” and at the same time, he is “weak and flexible, like a reed.” His gloomy and impudent courage collides in him with timidity (“shy and wild”, “fearful look” - the poem says about him). He is able to beat furiously, screeching like a leopard, but easily gets tired and despairs to the point of frenzy.
Lermontov scholar A. S. Nemzer described the hero as follows: “A mighty knight catching lightning and a prison flower dying from sunlight are two guises of the title character that are equally present in the poem.”

Having studied the pictorial and literary image of Mtsyra, we can draw the following conclusions:
- each artist embodied his understanding of the image of the hero;
- the significance of the image allows you to portray it differently: a young man or a man, weak or strong, showing ethnicity or not, etc.;
- in Mtsyri, the poet embodied everything that, in his opinion, his contemporaries lacked: “eternal search”, an impulse to freedom, the right to “restless movement” of the spirit; for all the diversity of Mtsyri's essences, he remains an integral figment of the poet's imagination.

4. Summing up the lesson. Reflection.

What romantic traits does Mtsyri have?

Suggested answers.

1. Strong personality. He is distinguished by a focus on the idea of ​​life, a passion for struggle.
2. The character of the young man is contradictory, with an internal conflict between the human and the animal. The main thing in his character is love of freedom.
3. The protagonist is lonely, he enters the struggle for freedom alone.
4. Mtsyri is an exceptional hero, acting in exceptional circumstances against the backdrop of unusual paintings.
5. M.Yu. Lermontov uses the landscape as a means of characterizing the hero and psychologism - deepening into the inner world of the hero.

Compilation of a syncwine on the topic "Mtsyri"

Example.

Mtsyri

Free-spirited, passionate,

Suffering, dreaming, fighting,

Strives to see the homeland, merge with nature -

romantic hero.

5. Homework: 1. Study the relevant section of the textbook.

2. Answer in writing the question: “What
attracts me in the character of Mtsyri?

3. A promising task - to learn by heart

An excerpt from a poem.